Buying a house outside the city is a great solution for outdoor recreation. Along with this, there are some problems with the supply of electricity to it, as well as amenities in the form of a shower and toilet. What if there is no central water supply and sewerage on the territory of the house? There are several options for solving this problem: from a toilet on the street with a cesspool to a sewer station - KNS. Many plumbing companies have taken over the manufacture of such installations in our time, and this will be a more suitable option in terms of convenience and comfort. But before purchasing such an installation, you should study its principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages, varieties and choose the appropriate option for yourself.
Scope of application
Every room where people live needs to be drained. This is very easy to do if there is a central sewerage system or an installed septic tank on the residential area. Nevertheless, the relief features of some territories do not allow the implementation of these options. Then the sewer pumping unit (SPS) comes to the rescue - idealsolution for a comfortable life outside the city. It allows wastewater to be pumped to a nearby main system.
KNS are widely used in private homes, where the level of sewage outlet is located above the installations of sanitary equipment. These consumers of water include baths, saunas, swimming pools, where the water consumption is very high, and they themselves are located in garages, basements or on the basement floors of the premises.
Varieties of KNS
If you study the domestic market of sanitary installations and products, you will notice that there are two types of sewage pumping unit - domestic and industrial. The latter, as the name implies, is not used in private homes, but is used on an industrial scale when it is necessary to collect effluents from several large facilities. Household KNS (mini) are installed in cottages and private country houses. Their other name is sololift. They are also divided into two types according to the method of pumping wastewater - from one bathroom or two or more.
Select station type
The need to install sewer pumping stations is due to only two reasons:
- The presence of toilets in the basement of the premises.
- The presence of a central bus system nearby.
Depending on this, a sololift or a larger KNS is selected. The production of the installation from the first option is made in such a way that it is mounted directly insidea bathroom between the toilet outlet and the sewer itself. Such a station easily grinds household waste and therefore small diameter pipes can be used for it, which is a more economical option.
The second option is a real KNS, only small in size. Before installing it, it is necessary to calculate the daily water consumption in the room and divide it by four. It is also possible to configure the unit in such a way that it consumes electricity as economically as possible while maintaining the most efficient operation for pumping wastewater.
Composition of sewer stations
What does KNS consist of? Its manufacture can be considered in a simplified way, as the most ordinary drain pit, like the one located under street toilets. Only it is still equipped with specialized pumps that carry out the distillation of wastewater to the central main system. If you look at the arrangement of such stations in more detail, then it is represented by a whole system: from a storage tank to a network of pipelines, and requires detailed design before installation.
Let's start by looking at the sewage tanks of the sewage pumping station. They can be made from concrete and steel. Recently, however, the manufacture of SPS from fiberglass has become popular. This material is composite and consists of seventy percent glass fibers that are bonded through polyester resins. fiberglasssewage tanks, unlike other types, have very high strength with a fairly low weight, are able to withstand a high temperature range, and also have a very high corrosion resistance. All this simplifies the design of the pumping station and allows you to get a durable installation for a relatively low cost.
The second important part of sewer installations is the fecal pump. Usually there are two of them - working and reserve. Their task is to raise wastewater to the required level for further transportation to the sewer through the pipeline system. It has special valves to control the operation of the pumps.
The last component of the KNS system is float switches, which are designed to control the operation of the pump in full automatic mode. The principle of their operation is based on raising and lowering the liquid level, which leads to turning on or off the pump, respectively.
The principle of the sewer station
In fact, the principle of operation of any KNS is very simple. At the moment when the overflow tank is filled with sewage above a certain level, the float switches start the pumps, which begin to pump the waste into the distribution tank. Then they enter the pipeline system and end up in the sewer.
If a small number of people live in a room and the amount of waste is small, then one pump will be enough. With an increase in volume, it is possible to connect a second unit. Station in this casewill automatically switch to heavy load mode and optimally reorganize its work to save energy.
Installation of KNS and its launch
Construction of a sewage pumping station is not an easy task, since sewerage installations are technically rather complicated equipment, and such a thing is best entrusted to professionals from specialized companies.
Installation of stations is carried out in a pit, the dimensions of which must correspond to those specified in the instructions. Its bottom is reinforced with reinforced concrete slabs or poured with cement mortar.
Then, pipelines are connected to the sewerage station - inlet and outlet, as well as a power cable. All work is carried out in accordance with the documentation for the design of such stations.
Installation of pumps with float switches is carried out strictly according to the instructions, and upon its completion, an experimental start-up of the SPS takes place. The sewerage of the central main system, if properly configured, should immediately fill with sewage.
Maintenance of sewer installations
Many users of sewer pumping units are interested in the question of whether it is possible to carry out maintenance work for this equipment themselves. Experts do not recommend doing this. The best option would be to call a master from a specialized company who will perform all the necessary work on the inspection and scheduled maintenance of the KNS. The manufacture of individual elements and the repair of stations are also carried outqualified professionals.
