Most often, indoor walls and facades are plastered using beacons. However, sometimes craftsmen use a slightly different technology for finishing building envelopes. In this case, beacons are not used for finishing. This technique is complex and requires strict adherence to all required technologies.
Plaster walls without beacons - the procedure is actually not easy. Perform the design of the walls in this way, mainly only experienced professionals. A beginner should use this technology only for plastering surfaces, for example, in some outbuildings. It is better to finish the walls in living quarters for a home master who does not have much experience in this matter using beacons.
Pros and cons of the method
The main advantage of plastering walls without beacons is that in this case it is possible to apply the composition in a thinner layer. That is, the owners of a house or apartment, when using this technology, get the opportunity to save on material. If atusing beacons, the minimum thickness of the plaster in the most protruding places of the wall is 7-8 mm, then without their use this figure is reduced to 3-5 mm.
Another advantage of this technology is that in this case, the time for preparing surfaces for finishing is reduced. When applying this technique, it is not necessary to install beacons on the walls, wait for the mixture to dry, remove these elements and close up the gaps left after them.
The disadvantage of using plastering technology without reference points is, of course, that in this case it is impossible to achieve a perfectly flat surface. Due to the need for careful manual alignment when applying this technique, the finishing process itself is stretched in time.
In what cases can the technique be used
Most often, walls and facades without lighthouses are plastered in various outbuildings. Of course, there are no special requirements for the evenness of the finishing layer in such structures. On the material, when using this technology, in fact, you can save significantly.
Sometimes the technique of plastering walls without beacons is also used in living rooms. It is allowed to use this technology for such premises if the walls in them are sufficiently even. According to the SNiP standards, it is allowed to plaster living rooms without the use of beacons when the differences on their surface do not exceed 1-1.5 cm.
Where to start
Of course, before embarking on such a procedure as plastering walls with your own hands withoutbeacons with a rotband or any other mixture, all surfaces must be carefully prepared. Pieces of old wallpaper, paint, dirt, grease spots should be removed from them.
All existing cracks must be repaired with putty using sickle. This procedure is usually performed as follows:
- fill crack with putty;
- lay it along the entire length with a sickle;
- apply another layer of putty and carefully level it.
On wooden surfaces, before such a finish, a frame of thin rails is mounted, stuffing them diagonally crosswise. In order for the plastering of concrete walls without beacons to be of the highest quality, they are pre-notched.
Priming
As soon as the putty on the cracks dries, start priming the walls. The composition for this purpose, you can choose designed for processing wood, brick or concrete. There are also universal primers on sale today.
Apply compositions of this variety to walls and ceilings before plastering using a conventional paint roller. In most cases, the walls are primed in two layers.
What plastering technologies without beacons can be used
At the moment, there are several methods for such finishing of enclosing structures. But most often, do-it-yourself plastering of walls without beacons is done:
- traditional method in three layers;
- mechanized.
Both of these methods allow you to get fairly smooth surfaces, but at the same time they require precise adherence to technology.
What compounds can be used
Mixtures of various types can be used for plastering walls. From the inside of the room, in most cases, they are finished using gypsum compositions. The exception in this case is only wet rooms. For the decoration of such rooms, cement mixtures are still more often used. The same compounds are in most cases used for plastering facades.
The traditional way
In this case, three layers of plaster are applied to the walls:
- spray;
- leveling main;
- finishing.
At all these stages, work should be done as carefully and thoroughly as possible.
How to mix mortar
In most cases, for plastering walls, including beacons, in our time, ready-made purchased mixtures are used. Self-made solutions are usually prepared only for finishing the enclosing structures of outbuildings. In this case, the cement is mixed with fine sand in a ratio of 1 to 3 and a little lime is added to the resulting composition in order to make it more plastic.
Ready-made purchased mixtures are usually simply diluted with water in the amount specified in the manufacturer's instructions. When preparing the solution, in this case, a construction mixer is used. In the bucket firstwater is poured, and then the dry mixture is poured. Then everything is thoroughly mixed until the lumps disappear. After that, wait a few minutes and use the mixer again. In the end, the mixture should be as homogeneous as possible.
Knead at the same time you need a small amount of solution. If it is planned to plaster walls without beacons with gypsum plaster, prepare so much mixture at a time that it is enough for about half an hour of work.
Cement mortar for surface finishing can be done more at once. Such a mixture remains elastic enough for convenient work with it for about 1-1.5 hours.
How to spray
At the first stage of plastering, the prepared primed walls are moistened with water and pieces of the mixed mortar are thrown onto them with a special ladle. In order for the spray to be of the highest quality possible, the plaster mixture for it must be prepared correctly. It should have the consistency of thick sour cream.
The solution thrown onto the walls should not crumble, crumble and fall down. It should not flow down the surfaces. It is not necessary to level the walls in any way at this stage. The main thing is to try to make sure that the plaster layer is the same in thickness (5-7 mm) over the entire area of the finished surface. Rub the pieces thrown on the walls using a paint grater.
If desired, spraying can be done using a slightly different method. Often at the first stage, the plaster mixture on the walls is notthrow on and smear. There is no special need to level the solution, and in this case too carefully.
If the walls in the room are very even, spraying can also be done using a liquid mortar. In this case, surface treatment is technologically similar to conventional priming.
Applying the base coat
A flexible, not too thick and not too thin solution is also prepared at this stage. Before applying it, wait until the spray on the wall dries slightly. This layer should fully cure anyway.
Then pass the wall in different directions with a long rule of 1.5 m to remove the protruding parts. Actually, the main layer of plaster on the surface is applied with a grater and leveled in the most thorough way. During this work, the tool is moved in all directions. The solution is applied to the grater itself with a spatula.
After the entire wall is finished, take a break until this layer dries. Next, the surface is checked for evenness, applying a rule with a level to it. All defects are eliminated - the bumps are cleaned off, the pits are filled with a small amount of mortar and leveled.
Applying the finish coat
After the wall is carefully leveled, they take a break for 3 hours. As soon as the solution dries well, proceed to apply the finishing layer. This time, a very liquid composition is being prepared.
Apply the finish coat to the walls as follows:
- scoop mortar with a paint bucket;
- starting from the top, watering1 m2 square wall;
- rubbing the surface with a grater in a circular motion.
In doing this work, try to make the wall as smooth as possible. The finishing layer on the surface should dry in the next 5-8 hours. After that, the wall is again carefully rubbed with a grater. Next, you can proceed to the fine finish.
The technology discussed above is a good answer to the question of how to plaster walls without beacons with gypsum or cement plaster. Using this technique, you can get fairly smooth, beautiful and neat surfaces. But the disadvantage of this method, as already mentioned, is that plastering in this case becomes a very slow process.
Mechanized plastering equipment used
This method of wall decoration is technologically similar to that described above. However, at the stage of spraying, in this case, special equipment is used - a plastering unit. Such devices can be professional or amateur. Their use can significantly speed up the finishing process.
This technology can be used for plastering walls without beacons with cement plaster or gypsum. Professional equipment designed for mechanized wall finishing is large and very functional. With its use, you can not only apply the solution on the surface, but also knead it.
Household plasteringdevices are small. There is no mixing function. When using them, the master must make the solution manually.
What is the process of mechanized plastering
In this case, the walls at the first stage are also carefully prepared and primed. Then they are wetted with water. Then they are sprayed using a plastering machine. The solution when using the method of mechanized plaster on the surface is applied in thin, even horizontal stripes close to each other. At the same time, they try to lead the working part of the equipment along the wall as evenly as possible.
After the surface to be finished has been completely covered, the mixture is carefully leveled with a long rule. At the same time, they clean off the bumps and close up the hole with a small amount of the mixture.
At the final stage, when using this method of applying plaster on the walls, the surfaces are finished with a finishing layer. After it dries, everything is rubbed using a grater.
