You can make life in a country house convenient and comfortable only by performing such an operation as installing a water supply system and, of course, heating. When drafting communications of both types, a lot of different factors should be taken into account. About which ones, and we'll talk in this article. We will also examine in detail how to properly assemble such systems on our own.
Design
Before proceeding with operations such as installing water supply and heating systems, you should decide on the source of supply. Country plots are usually located very far from centralized engineering systems. And therefore, using the simplest method - connecting to a common water supply is often simply impossible. Therefore, the owners of residential country houses or cottages have to choose one of three alternative options:
- drill a well "on the sand";
- dig a well in the yard or garden;
- order drilling of an artesian well from specialists.
Ueach of these methods of providing a country house with drinking and technical water, as well as a heating system coolant, has both its pros and cons.
Well in the yard
This is the simplest and cheapest technology. When using a well, water is supplied from a depth of no more than 5-15 meters. Therefore, in most cases, all work can be done independently, without the involvement of expensive equipment and hiring specialists. Water is supplied to the house from such a source using a conventional pump installed in the basement. From the well to it leads a pipe laid in a trench. It is brought into the basement through a through insulated hole in the foundation.
By digging a well, you can provide yourself with water for at least 50 years ahead. However, this method of water supply has a number of significant drawbacks. Firstly, the mine will have to be cleaned periodically. Secondly, the quality of water in wells during spring floods or heavy rains may not be very good.
Sand well
Work on the arrangement of such a source of water supply can also be done independently - with the help of a garden drill. The depth of sand wells reaches 50 m. But in most cases, the water intake sandy layer can be found as early as 15 m from the surface of the earth. A deep pump is lowered into a drilled well on a strong cable. Water is supplied to the house through pipes, as in the first case, laid in a trench. In the basementa pump is installed, and then the installation of internal water supply systems is carried out.
This method has many advantages: low cost of arrangement, high-quality water, its uninterrupted supply, etc. But, having decided to use just such a source of supply, one should keep in mind that it can last no more than 8 years.
Artesian well
This source of supply is best suited for a large cottage. The design and installation of water supply systems for buildings of a large area is usually entrusted to specialists. However, even if the owners of the site for some reason decide to self-assemble, you will still have to hire professionals to drill this type of well.
Artesian mines supply water from the lime layer, which lies much lower than the sandy one - at a depth of up to 135 m. Thus, in this case it will not be possible to do without the involvement of special equipment. But the water supplied from such a well is the purest. At the same time, it will most likely beat out of the pipe on its own - under pressure. When using this method of providing a country building with water, in most cases you can even do without a pump. In addition, at the source of this type of supply, it is allowed to install heating and water supply systems for several cottages or houses at once.
Choice of equipment
Having decided on the type of source, you can begin to perform all the necessary calculations and draw up drawings. First of all, you will need to decide on the type of equipment. The pump power is calculated based on the amount of requiredto ensure a comfortable stay of water and the degree of remoteness of the source. For uninterrupted supply, it is usually sufficient to lay a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm in the trench. It will only have to be increased if the source is located very far from home. In the building itself, metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes with a diameter of ½ and ¾ are usually used for wiring. The volume of the accumulator is calculated based on the number of people living in the house. It is these tips on choosing equipment for home craftsmen that are usually given by specialists who perform professional installation and repair of water supply systems in private homes.
Wishing to arrange a shower and bath in the house, among other things, will need to purchase a special heater. Most often, in country houses, gas water heaters are used for hot water supply. If the highway is not connected to the settlement, you will have to buy an electric model of the heater.
Installation of a water supply system: laying a supply pipe
So, the project has been drawn up, and the equipment has been purchased. Now you can proceed to the actual assembly of the system. The laying of the supply pipe must be carried out in compliance with the following rules:
- The trench leading from the well or well to the house should be laid at a slight angle. Otherwise, the water in the pipe will stagnate.
- The depth of the trench should not be less than 50-70 cm. This is necessary in order to prevent the water in the pipe from freezing in the winter. At the bottom of the trench is arrangedsand cushion.
- The pipe is inserted into the house through a through insulated hole in the foundation.
At the next stage, you can proceed with such an operation as installing a cold water supply system, and if necessary, hot water, inside the building. Previously, a pump is connected to the supply pipe from the well. Further, to prevent the reverse flow of water, a special valve is installed. After that,
Piping in the building
Connecting various kinds of plumbing fixtures in the house happens:
- Sequential. In this case, the pipe is simply passed along the walls of the house. Bathtub, sinks, cistern, shower, etc. are connected to it by means of tees. This scheme is suitable for a small house.
- Collector. This technology is usually used to install water supply systems in residential country cottages. In this case, a separate pipe is drawn to each consumer from a common collector. This scheme allows you to ensure the same water pressure at each point of the house.
After connecting to the pump system, a hydraulic accumulator is installed, followed by a tee, to which two pipes are connected. One will subsequently supply water for household needs, the second - drinking. Cleaning filters are installed on the latter, after which it is connected to the collector.
Installation of hot water supply system
When assembling such a structure, a heater is pre-fixed on the wall. On a pipe with drinking water after the filtercleaning, another tee is installed. A second line is connected to it, which is connected to the water heater.
Home heating
Performing an operation such as installing a water supply system is a rather complicated procedure in some cases. It is even more difficult to arrange efficient heating in the house with your own hands.
However, if you wish, you can try to perform this operation yourself. In this case, first of all, you should decide on the type:
- Kotla. Usually in country houses gas are installed. Double-circuit models can simultaneously serve as water heaters in the hot water supply system.
- The system itself. In small houses, structures with natural circulation of the coolant are usually mounted. Forced systems are assembled in residential cottages.
- Tube. In residential buildings, metal-plastic are most often used, which are easy to install and durable.
- Radiators. The most popular battery options today are aluminum and bimetallic.
The capacity of the expansion tank depends on the volume of coolant in the system. The power of the circulation pump depends on the length of the lines.
Among other things, you should also decide which system will be carried out in the house: one-pipe or two-pipe. The first option is usually used only in small houses. Installation of a two-pipe water supply system is more difficult, but suchdesigns are much more convenient, since the radiators in them warm up to the same degree.
Stages of installation of the heating system
Actually, the assembly itself is done as follows:
- The boiler is being installed. According to the standards, it is necessary to call specialists to connect it to the gas line.
- Main lines are attached to the walls.
- Radiators are connected. It is best to place them under the windows. At the same time, the distance from the floor to the lower edge of each battery should not be less than 10 cm. Mayevsky taps are installed on all radiators.
- An expansion tank is mounted next to the boiler on the return water line.
- A circulation pump is fixed on the bypass. A cleaning filter is installed in front of it.
- The mains are connected to the boiler nozzles.
After all the components are assembled, the system is pressure tested. That is, water is injected into the pipes under high pressure. If leaks are detected, measures are taken to eliminate them.
In fact, the installation of heating and water supply systems is a rather complicated procedure, with a lot of nuances. In a small summer cottage or one-story residential building, you can do them yourself. But for wiring such communications in the cottage, most likely, it would be better to hire specialists who are well versed in this matter.
