In horticulture and horticulture, many farmers are faced with the problem of lack of space, as well as sometimes inexplicable incompatibilities between different plants. Which leads, in turn, to a decrease in yield and various diseases that impair plant growth and the quality of the resulting fruits. Mixed plantings of vegetables, the schemes of which are drawn up taking into account all the features, can solve many problems.
The science of mixed plantings
Allelopathy is a science that studies the influence of garden crops on each other and the ability of their coexistence together. The proximity of vegetables in the greenhouse and mixed plantings are determined taking into account the influencing factors. Each plant releases various substances through its leaves and roots, which, when released into the soil, can both be absorbed by other plants and harm them.
Some species have the ability to stimulate the growth of companion plantings and have a protective effecton them from pests, but at the same time they can oppress. In addition to the obvious one, there is another reason to create mixed plantings - this is to save space.
Schemes of mixed and compact plantings of vegetables
It is very important when planning future plantings to consider:
- Climatic conditions in a given area may vary, as some places are drier and others more humid. The impact of wind, precipitation and frost must also be taken into account in the calculations.
- It is necessary to know the characteristics of each specific area, its soil composition, the impact of sunlight on this area, as well as its protection from the aggressive effects of nature.
Planning
These parameters should form the basis of a vegetable garden planting strategy to get the best result from every square meter. Drawing up a plan begins with a study of the characteristics of the site and the features of each individual meter of land. Schemes of mixed (planting vegetables in the garden, as you know, are different for their intended purpose) beds must be made taking into account all the climatic and agrotechnical parameters of the soil.
These calculations use knowledge of crop compatibility. Only compliance with all requirements can guarantee an excellent result.
Method benefits
Benefits of mixed plantings:
- The most important benefit for gardeners is the significant savings in garden space, which makes it possiblegrow large volumes of products without losing quality. Agrotechnics of mixed plantings (depending on the speed of fruit ripening) sets requirements for top dressing and climatic conditions, allowing you to get high yields from each unit of area.
- Reasonable combination and planning of mixed plantings makes it possible to harvest vegetables throughout the season.
Competent combination
Alternating crops with different nutritional requirements and soil composition avoids partial or complete depletion of the land and the destruction of any individual nutrients needed by plants.
Planting vegetables together can improve the quality of life of neighboring crops, and can also affect the taste and nutritional value of fruits.
Main and accompanying plants
Mixed plantings of vegetables, their layouts and the principles that guide the gardener when compiling them, are based on simple knowledge. In the practice of this method, there are such concepts as a satellite plant, or accompanying, as well as the main culture. The main plant is the planting target, and the satellite plant is used to fill gaps and produce large yields.
Mixed Landing Tactics
Aromatic herbs, flowers, green fertilizers, a number of vegetable crops that can benefit their neighbors are more often used as accompanying plants. main crops,they are usually vegetable and are slow-maturing, small-sized specimens, in between which are fast-maturing species.
This tactic is very effective. While the main culture is slowly growing and developing, the accompanying one has time to grow, making room for the main one to develop sufficiently. This is the main principle of drawing up a plan and scheme of mixed landings.
Preferred neighborhood
In order to organically fit into your plan various mixed plantings of vegetables, their location on the site, you need to know the properties of each plant and its compatibility with others. The properties inherent in individual garden crops are conveniently viewed in the form of a table. Mixed plantings of vegetables in the garden are necessarily compiled taking into account the needs of each crop.
Regular neighborhood table
| Crop name | Good neighborhood | Unwanted neighborhoods o |
| Basil | All crops, especially tomatoes and lettuce | Ruta |
| Eggplant | Beans, thyme | - |
| Beans | Cucumbers, potatoes, spinach, corn, radishes, buckwheat and mustard. If beans are the main plants, then lavender, rosemary, yarrow, oregano, borage will be good neighbors for them | Any kind of onion and garlic, wormwood, marigolds |
| Grapes | Corn, potatoes, radish, beans, radishes, rye | Onions, soybeans, barley, cabbage |
| Peas | Great with carrots, rice, various salads, cucumbers, turnips | Onions, garlic, tomatoes |
| Cabbage | All varieties are excellent neighbors for bush beans, lettuces, buckwheat, celery, beets, borage, carrots, spinach. To protect cabbage from harmful insects, various direct odorous plants are planted next to it: dill, sage, mint, rosemary, thyme, nasturtium, marigolds | Does not go well with grapes and strawberries |
| Potatoes | Goes along with legumes, cabbage, radishes and various salads. Potato assistant in scaring away pests will be: tansy, marigolds, nasturtium, coriander | It is not recommended to plant sunflower and celery nearby |
| Strawberry | It is good to plant spinach, sage, parsley nearby. Especially favorable mutual influence with beans, cucumbers, pumpkin, peas, soybeans | Cabbage |
| Corn | All cultures | Beets, celery |
| Onion | The best neighborhood with beets, strawberries, cucumbers, carrots, lettuce, spinach | Beans, peas, legumes, sage |
| Carrots | Peas. Loyal to the neighborhood with potatoes, onions, lettuce | Dill, fennel. Also, there is no place for her under the apple tree, as the root crops will be very bitter |
| Cucumbers | Good companions forbeans, beans, beets, garlic, onions, radishes, spinach, as well as dill and chamomile | Undesirable neighborhood with tomatoes, as their conditions are very different |
| Pepper | Basil | Difficult to get along with beans. Bad neighbor for him and fennel |
| Parsley | Pairs well with strawberries, peas, tomatoes, asparagus, salads | - |
| Radishes | Salads, beans. Planting radishes can be combined with tomatoes, onions, parsley, garlic, strawberries and peas | It is highly not recommended to plant next to hyssop, as this gives great bitterness to the fruits |
| Turnip | Pairs well with peas | Doesn't match at all with mustard and asparagus |
| Beets | Great companion for cabbage, radish, radish and lettuce. Next to the beets, you can also place beds with garlic, strawberries, celery, cucumbers | - |
| Celery | White cabbage. Feels great next to cucumbers and tomatoes, soybeans, beans and peas | Extremely undesirable neighborhood with corn, parsley, potatoes and carrots |
| Tomatoes | Pairs well with basil, celery, parsley, spinach and beans. Neutral in their influence planting next to cabbage, corn, garlic, carrots, beets | Cannot be placed next to kohlrabi, fennel and dill, potatoes, eggplants |
| Pumpkin | Responsive neighbor for peas and beans. Favorably coexists with corn | Next to cabbage, cucumbers, salads, onions, carrots |
| Beans | Friends with almost all cultures | Onion, fennel, garlic, peas |
| Spinach | All cultures | - |
| Garlic | Friendly neighborhood with tomatoes, beets, strawberries, carrots, cucumbers | Negatively affects the taste of peas, beans, cabbage |
Today you learned about mixed planting of vegetables. Schemes for their compilation are created taking into account the preferences of each individual plant, as well as the conditions of its maintenance, which should be the basis for calculating future beds. There are many advantages to using this progressive method, which are especially important to take advantage of when trying to get the maximum benefit and high yields from each square meter of area.
