The veranda can become a real decoration of the suburban area, which is also functional. This structure is an extension to the house, with walls and a roof, designed for year-round use.
Creating a project
The project of the veranda to the house is drawn up at the stage of construction of the main building. These structures can be classified according to several criteria, among others, the location should be highlighted. Thus, the veranda can adjoin the front, end or corner of the house. It can be made closed or open. In the first case, we are talking about a glazed structure.
Sometimes the installation of this part of the house is accompanied by the installation of sliding doors that allow you to transform the structure into an open area. When drafting a veranda for a house, you must also take into account its design features, which determine whether the structure will be built-in or made in the form of an extension. In the first case, the veranda and the house have a common foundation and are being built at the same time. But the extension is carried out as needed and has its own foundation. The shape of the veranda can be round,rectangular or polygonal. In the latter case, we are talking about an octagon and a hexagon.
More about drafting a project
In order to make a beautiful veranda, it is necessary to make it a continuation of the house, then the extension will be a single architectural ensemble. Experts recommend placing the veranda on the western or eastern sides, then most of the time it will be out of the sun.
When drawing up a project, it is also necessary to take into account the wind load. In addition, you will need to determine the location of the entrance, he can look at the street and leave one of the rooms. At this stage, the installation location of the door is also determined. It should not be located opposite the front door to the house, otherwise drafts will not be avoided.
It is also necessary to determine the size of the veranda. Its length is usually equal to the length of the wall along which it is being built, but the maximum width can be 7 m. It is important that the size of the veranda be proportional to the size of the house itself.
Design Ideas
If you want to make a beautiful glazed veranda, then you can do without frames. Overlappings will erase the existing line between the surrounding nature and interior decoration. Frameless glazing is an excellent solution for arranging a winter garden on a veranda. If you want to make the area even more spacious and bright, then the roof can be decorated with glass inserts. This will give the room airiness and lightness.
Beautiful wooden verandas look quite harmonious as extensions to a country house or a dwelling in the city. A wooden floor can be laid on the floor, which will emphasize the texture of the extension. The interior can be supplemented with wooden beams, from this the atmosphere will resemble country life. Natural wood can be combined with natural stone. But if it is also unprocessed, then, going inside, you will feel like in a house in the forest.
If you are thinking about how to make a beautiful veranda, then you can use wood of different species for interior decoration, each of which has its own unique shade. This will create a memorable and unique interior.
By installing upholstered furniture with bright upholstery in the room, you will emphasize the warm color. By installing sliding frames on the veranda, you can spend warm summer evenings in it, watching nature. But in autumn it will be possible to warm up indoors with the help of a fireplace or a masonry stove. This technique is quite common today.
Construction: preparation of tools and materials
Depending on what material you plan to use for the construction of the extension, you should prepare a certain set of tools. For a wooden veranda you will need:
- screwdriver;
- axe;
- roulette;
- level;
- cord;
- shovel;
- hacksaw;
- hammer;
- sledgehammer;
- plummet;
- cord.
But for a metal frame, you should additionally prepare a grinder and a welding machine. Before you build a closed veranda attached to the house, you should think about what will underlie it. A budget option would be a metal frame, which is sheathed with plywood, plastic clapboard or OSB boards. But a brick veranda or one built of wood or stone has a more presentable look. In this case, it is important to choose a material that will match the material in the base of the house.
For the construction of a wooden veranda should be prepared:
- lumber;
- fasteners;
- protective solutions;
- rubble;
- concrete;
- drying oil;
- bitumen;
- roofing material;
- door and window systems;
- covering material for the roof.
For a metal frame, take care of the availability:
- lumber;
- steel profile;
- metal working solution.
Otherwise, all materials remain the same. Recently, the country veranda has been increasingly made of polycarbonate, which has proven itself with consumers. If you build walls or a roof with it, you can admire the surrounding scenery.
Polycarbonate transmits light, retains heat well and can be used for roofing and walls. The advantage of this material is also the cost, which is very democratic. It is better to use sheets for such work, the thickness of whichis from 14 to 18 mm.
Materials are processed before the start of work, after it will be quite difficult to carry out such work.
Preparation for construction
If you will build a country veranda, then first you need to prepare. To do this, the visor is removed above the entrance, the porch is removed, and the territory is cleared of debris and green spaces. It is necessary to remove part of the turf, and then think about where building materials and garbage will fit.
Building the foundation
Before you start pouring the base, you need to decide on its type. The most popular was the columnar foundation, as it allows for an extension without being tied to the main foundation. Heavier design provides for pouring the strip base.
A rather important step is soil analysis, which allows you to choose the foundation. This takes into account the characteristics of the soil, its ability to absorb moisture, the level of soil freezing, the homogeneity and composition of the earth, as well as the stability of the soil and the height of groundwater. The choice of the basis for the extension is influenced by the design of the foundation of the house itself and the condition of the wall material. After you decide on the type of foundation, you need to make markings and designate the places where the supports will be installed, if we are talking about a pile foundation.
Building a columnar base
For a columnar base, at the first stage it is necessary to prepare holes,deepening to 1 m. At the bottom, a pillow is made of crushed stone and sand, these materials are covered in layers. Next, a concrete base is poured, and then support pillars made of brick or timber are installed, but asbestos pipes can also be used.
The ground part of the supports is brought to the height of the foundation of the house. The installation sites of the supports are covered with sand to eliminate the gap between the soil and the post. The design of the veranda with an impressive mass provides for the pouring of the strip foundation. To do this, dig a trench and install the formwork, only after that you can start pouring concrete.
Making the frame
A beautiful veranda will turn out if you carry out all the work according to technology. At the next stage, it involves the creation of a frame. It is necessary to start these works from the bottom strapping; for this, a beam is laid on the supports. Corner joining should be done with a dovetail cut. In order to ensure greater reliability of fasteners, dowels or nails should be used. Now you can install the supports that will form the frame. For this, a beam with a section of 100 x 100 or 120 x 80 mm is used.
The height of the pillars should be equal to the height of the veranda. When installing the frame, horizontal bars should be mounted, which will act as the basis for installing the window sill. The top strapping will complete the installation of the frame. It will act as the basis for the truss system and give the frame additional rigidity. In order to exclude the displacement of the upper trim, the supports must be fixedspacers.
Roof Arrangement
The roof of the veranda will consist of a truss system. Its installation, as well as the installation of the crate, depends on which roofing material you have chosen. When making a shed roof, you choose the simplest design. In this case, the rafter system is installed at an angle and will go away from the wall of the house, which allows rainwater or snow to flow down without harming the extension. A shed roof will be more convenient in terms of organizing a drain.
A beautiful veranda will turn out if you follow the work algorithm. At the stage of creating a roof, you need to install a truss system. To do this, a run board is mounted on the wall of the house; for this, it is necessary to use a beam with a section of 100 x 80 mm. Fastening should be done with anchor bolts.
The upper parts of the rafter legs are installed on top of the timber. A Mauerlat must be placed around the perimeter of the frame. If the extension is small, then this function will be performed by the top trim boards. The lower parts of the rafter legs should be installed on them. The distance between them will depend on the slope of the roof, the weight of the roofing material and the width of the veranda.
When installing the roofing system of a polygonal veranda, it is necessary to additionally mount a purlin board. A beautiful veranda must have high-quality roofing material. It is installed according to the crate system, which should have a step, taking into account the covering material. This approach is relevant for slate, ondulin and metal tiles. But forflexible roofing materials, a continuous sheathing system must be installed.
Glazing
Windows for the veranda occupy a significant part of the wall area. For the reason that the described extension is summer, single wooden windows are used for it. But in the case of an insulated room, you can use aluminum multi-chamber double-glazed windows. A large veranda can be supplemented with deaf opening windows. The latter provide ventilation, while the former allow for savings.
Alternative window options
Windows for the veranda can be sliding, then you can make the room open. Among the new products are flexible windows. They extend the operational life of the summer extension, and their advantage is expressed in low cost and quick installation. You can take them apart for the winter. They make the veranda safe for children to play, but the attractiveness of the appearance does not suffer from this. Soft windows are PVC roll systems that allow glazing a veranda of any configuration. The design can be semi-circular, round or even oval.
Conclusion
You can use the veranda that is insulated as a corridor. In such a room, you can equip a rest room, an entrance hall, a winter garden or a greenhouse. Some owners even place a pool there. However, it should be understood that there are some differences between the veranda and the terrace. They are available at the first wall, however, they can also be made almost weightless.
