Projects of gazebos with barbecue have become quite popular. Many people like to fry food on a fire, cook kebabs and more. In addition, the advantage of just such a project will be that the heat from the fire and coals will heat the gazebo. With this design, it will be possible to cook your favorite food comfortably even in winter without any problems.
General information about structures
Before moving on to the practical part of the question, you need to understand what types of gazebos are and which ones you can actually build yourself. In addition to the above-mentioned projects of gazebos with barbecue, they are divided into two large types - open, which are used only in the summer, as well as closed (glazed), used all year round. However, this does not mean that everything is limited to these two types. There are designs of structures in which the glazing is removable. A transparent sheet can also be used, which, if necessary, can be stretched over the frame of the building.
Another significant division of structures occurs due to the presence or absence of a floor. If we are talking about a gazebo without a floor, then this means thatthe frame will be installed on the prepared site. This may be a place filled with concrete mortar, lined with paving slabs, paving stones and other coatings. However, this does not mean that you can not install directly on the grass, if you wish. The only thing that will have to be strengthened measures to protect the base, as prolonged contact with the soil will cause rapid destruction of the material.
If we are talking about a gazebo in the garden, which must have a floor, then it must be installed on the foundation. Most often, its role is played by supporting pillars. They can be folded from such material as brick, but. It is also possible to install foundation blocks or pour concrete mortar pillars.
Pergolas made of wood material
Most often, gazebos in the garden are built from wood. It is easiest to work with this material with your own hands, and it is also environmentally friendly, and inside the structure there will be a pleasant smell of wood. It should be remembered that before you start exploiting a tree, you need to dry it well, and also treat it with antiseptics from decay and pests, and flame retardant impregnations that reduce the combustibility of the material.
You can make a hexagonal gazebo, square, round, etc. The choice of design depends on individual preferences and capabilities. Work begins with drawing up an exact drawing. If the owner does not have personal experience in such matters, then it is better to seek help from a construction company. After preparing the documentation, you can proceed to the practical part.
Construction of a gazebo, like any capital building, begins with the preparation of the site. It is necessary to remove a layer of soil along with fertile soil. Otherwise, plant remains will rot.
If the soil is sandy or sandy, then a layer of crushed stone, broken construction debris or screenings must be filled into the dug recess. All this needs to be compacted, and a small layer of sand should be poured on top.
If the soil is clayey, then the problem is solved in a slightly different way. Water drains through the clay quite badly, and therefore, having removed the fertile soil from the clay, you can fill it back and compact it, then the liquid will not accumulate and emit an unpleasant odor.
Foundation work and bottom trim
After the do-it-yourself drawings of the gazebo are ready, the base has been prepared, you can proceed to the construction of the foundation. There are several options here. If you need to finish the construction as soon as possible, then you can install concrete blocks on a compacted sand cushion.
More time will have to be spent if laying brick pillars and even more if pouring them from concrete mortar. The distance between the supporting pillars should be 1.5-2 meters, no more. A specific value is selected based on the thickness of the timber that will be used for strapping. If a wooden gazebo has a bar with dimensions of 100x100, then the distance can be 1.5 meters, if, for example, a metal profile pipe 60x60 is selected, then the distance can be increasedup to 2 meters.
After all the supports are installed, and also checked by level, a layer of waterproofing can be laid on them. Here you can use different materials. The use of roofing felt or roofing material is allowed. Fold the material in two layers. It is possible to process supports with bituminous mastic also in two layers. After laying the waterproofing or impregnation with mastic, the process of installing the lower trim begins.
The structure is fixed either with nails with a length of 150 mm or self-tapping screws. In order to increase the strength of the base, it is recommended to use metal corners. It will be ideal if they are reinforced.
Despite the fact that the gazebo is usually summer, quite often many people decide to glaze it in order to use it in winter. In this case, a large margin of safety will be needed.
Mounting racks
After the base has been prepared and the lower trim for the gazebo made of wood has been designed, you can proceed to install the racks. They are installed at all corners of the structure, in the front part on both sides of the entrance. In other cases, the installation location is above the supporting pillars. From above, the racks are also connected by strapping.
At this stage, the most important thing is to install the racks strictly vertically. There is an important nuance here. The use of the building level is highly discouraged. The fact is that it has a rather large error, especially for household ones, which are often used in construction. Therefore, to ensure correct installation, it is recommendeduse a plumb bob.
You need to check the vertical from two adjacent sides so that the racks do not fall in any direction. To fix the vertical racks, jibs are used. This is a small piece of wood that is attached to the bottom rail and to the post. It is necessary to mount one copy on each side of the support. It is also worth adding that if they interfere, you can make a temporary option, which can then be dismantled without any problems.
If the lining of the wooden gazebo at the bottom is made of opaque material, then you need to do it thoroughly. To do this, the beam is sawn at an angle of 45 degrees, nailed obliquely with two or three nails. After mounting each cut, it is necessary to check whether the vertical of the rack has gone astray.
Middle and top harness. Floor boards
After all the racks are installed and secured, you can proceed to the arrangement of the upper harness. At this stage, problems usually do not arise. In order to increase reliability, corners are used as in the lower harness. It is also recommended to use this type of fixation for fastening racks, especially if the jibs will not be installed permanently. If this is not done, then there is a big risk that the structure will collapse on its side from the effects of heavy loads.
After that, you can move on to the flooring. What to make the floor in the gazebo? It is best to use ordinary boards - this is the best option. Before nailing them, it is recommended to treat them with an antibacterialimpregnation to significantly increase their service life.
You can use a variety of compositions. A small nuance is that you need to make sure that the impregnation does not leave an unpleasant shade, if you do not plan to paint the floor or cover it with a dark stain, for example. The process of laying the floor should not cause any problems at all. The boards are stacked close to each other, and nailed to the lower base. You can use both nails and wood screws.
After the laying is completed, it is still recommended to paint the floorboards, since while construction continues, there is a high risk of scratching, staining, etc. For this, varnish or an oil-based tinting agent is most often used. It is important not to confuse here, since oil paint and wood coating oil are different compositions. The second product is different in that it can have any shade that it will give to the wood after processing, but at the same time it will not paint over the texture of the tree, but will make it more expressive, unlike ordinary paint.
How to make an inexpensive gazebo? If it is necessary to save money, then the installation of an average strapping is optional, but if the project was originally developed with its presence, then it will still have to be installed. Under the beam in the racks, you need to take out a quarter of the material. Since a building is being built from a bar 100 x 100, then a quarter is 25.
After all these works are completed, you can process the entire frame and paint it. You can use the same compositions that were used for flooring.
Roof for gazebo
The size of the gazebo for giving can be very diverse, here everyone decides for himself. The only thing that is important to remember is about the work of installing the roof. The larger the building, the more difficult this stage will be.
While the frame of the gazebo will dry out from impregnation and painting, you can do the rafter system, its assembly. These products are triangles made of wood. Naturally, the roof is installed on top of the frame. It is worth noting here that in some projects the roof is somewhat larger than the gazebo itself, in some it is not. In this case, this is not provided, therefore they are installed strictly vertically on the upper trim and they are nailed to it.
It is worth noting that making a round gazebo, as masters do, is quite difficult because of the roof. This option is mounted quite simply, but its disadvantage is that even with a slight wind, raindrops will fall inside.
If it is necessary to install a roof with overhangs, then in this case you will have to cut out "sagging places". These are the areas in which the triangle for the roof will "sit down" on the beam of the upper trim. The appearance of this cutout looks like a triangle, and its dimensions depend on the parameters of the beam.
There is a little trick that will greatly facilitate and speed up the process of cutting out the planting area. How to make a simple gazebo with such a roof? To facilitate the work, you need to cut out the template. For this, one board is taken,cut to size, substitutes at the junction, adjusted, if necessary. After that, all other boards are simply substituted under the template and the desired section is quickly cut out according to its parameters.
Assembly method and types of metal gazebos
How to make a metal gazebo? Firstly, it, like wood, can be of different shapes. Secondly, depending on the chosen project, the method of its installation will also depend.
- Concreting of support pipes into the ground. After the solution inside the recesses is completely dry, you can start assembling the gazebo by welding all the necessary elements. At the right distance from the ground, as in the case of a wooden one, it is necessary to equip the lower trim if the building should have a floor.
- The second installation option is the manufacture of a shallow strip or column foundation. In this case, the frame for the gazebo will be made separately, and not welded onto the supports. The object is already mounted on the finished foundation, and anchors are used for fastening.
If we consider these two options, then each of them is characterized by different qualities. The first option is considered more practical and reliable, since the support posts are securely fixed in concrete. In addition, this assembly option is considered cheaper, so if you are interested in the question of how to make a gazebo to save money, then you should pay attention to this option.
However, this method is only good if the gazebo is made summer. It is for this reason that the second option is used much more often, since there is the possibility of constructing a closed building type.
Methods of connection and material for work
How to make a gazebo from a material such as metal? If everything is simple with wood and the connection methods are also quite easy, then with metal parts everything is more complicated. Welding is considered the most common connection method and the most reliable. In addition, it is considered quite fast.
However, it is worth noting here that if the gazebo is collapsible, then the individual modules will still have to be bolted together. Most often, such product options are either covered with an awning or covered with a light roof. The advantage of such a structure is that it is quite convenient to store it, since it does not take up much space when disassembled.
As for the material for work, the profile pipe is most often used. The wall thickness of such products should be at least 2 mm, but not too thick. The same applies to round pipes. The difference between a profile pipe and a round one is that the second version of the product is somewhat cheaper. However, they are more difficult to work with, as you will need knowledge and ability to work with a welding machine in order to successfully make a beautiful and durable seam on a round pipe.
The following materials are suitable as racks for construction:
- 50 x 50 mm in the event that slate, corrugated board or other lightweight will be used as a roofmaterial;
- 75 x 75mm if heavier tiles will be installed.
As jumpers, a profile with a minimum size of 20 x 30 mm is used. The maximum material size is 50 x 50 mm. The cross section depends on the dimensions of the building itself. The larger its dimensions, the larger the cross section should be, and vice versa. For example, how to make a metal gazebo with parameters such as 3000 x 3000 mm, with a stand height of 2200 mm. To do this, you will need the following:
- pipes for binding with a total length of 12 m with dimensions of 50 x 50 x 2 mm;
- you will need profile pipes for lintels with a total length of 30 m with dimensions of 40 x 20 x 2 mm, 6 m with dimensions of 20 x 20 x 2 mm, 14 m with dimensions of 40 x 40 x 2 mm;
- 2 m metal strips 20 x 4mm.
Installation of poles, bottom rails and posts
Earthworks are exactly the same as when installing a wooden gazebo. A layer of soil is removed, sand and soil are poured, if the water goes well, or clay, if the soil is clayey.
After that, you need to start arranging the recess for installing the support. The depth of the pit is 90 cm. A profile pipe is installed in it, after which the empty space is filled with coarse gravel or construction waste. After that, the pillars are fixed vertically, strengthened with props so as not to stagger, and the pit is filled with concrete.
It is possible, again, as in the case of a tree, to make a foundation of blocks. Blocks are mounted in the corners, as well as in the middle and in a checkerboard pattern. In the middle, a support is required, since even with a rib in50mm 3m pipe will sag in the center. All blocks must have the same horizontal level.
In fact, the question of how to make a metal gazebo is quite simple to solve if, for example, a wooden structure was erected. Since even the laying of the lower harness is almost the same.
There are some differences. Firstly, not wood is used as the main material, but a profile pipe 50 x 50 mm or more. Secondly, there is a difference in the connection method. As mentioned earlier, the best thing is welding. At the corners of the lower trim, all elements are welded together. To successfully mount the plank floor, you need to attach jumpers from 40 x 20 mm pipes to the strapping.
As for the height, for a comfortable stay inside, a distance of 2200 mm is selected. Since the racks will be long enough in this case, it is necessary to weld mounting braces at the bottom. The process is completely similar to the manufacture of wood jibs, only instead of screws or nails, welding is used to fix it.
Windows for gazebos
In the end, it is worth adding that it is quite possible to make a gazebo suitable for year-round use. To do this, you can install soft windows for the gazebo. Sounds pretty weird.
The thing is that they are made of polyvinyl chloride. This is a top quality film with a dense structure. This material has become an excellent alternative for PVC double-glazed windows. They are most often refused to be installed in structures such as gazebos, as this will significantly increase the cost of the object.
UsePVC film can be used all year round. It perfectly protects from wind and rain in the summer, and holds back snow well in the winter. It is worth noting that this option of a soft window for a gazebo, of course, does not have 100% tightness. But at the same time, if you take care of the presence of heating inside (at least put a heater), then it is quite possible to spend time inside with comfort and warmth.
As for the service life of PVC film, it is from 7 to 10 years. It is worth noting that alternative substances lose their elasticity and break down after a year. This is mainly due to exposure to sunlight. This does not happen with PVC film. Also, it does not fade under the influence of ultraviolet rays.
The disadvantages of such windows is that they are quite easily damaged by any sharp object. In addition, it cannot be repaired in any way. If the film is damaged, cut, etc., it can only be replaced with a new one.
It's worth adding that you can make a gazebo out of polycarbonate. However, the material in this case is practically not popular, since its reliability is too low for such a structure.
