Many people dream of their own home in the bosom of nature. Unfortunately, not all Russians have the means to build a country house on the site. However, there is a very good alternative to an expensive new building. On a country plot for permanent residence, you can adapt an old country house by simply reconstructing it.
What may include retrofit
Step by step reconstruction of the dacha in most cases is as follows:
- The house is being rebuilt (the foundation is being repaired, the roof and other structures are being changed).
- Remodeling in progress.
- Finishing in progress.
- Additional communications are carried out to the house.
Your garden house may need to be expanded. After all, country houses in most cases are small in size. By increasing the usable area of the building, in the future it will be possible to make its redevelopment. In this case, part of the partitions in the house are usually dismantled to make some rooms more spacious.
Sometimes the ownersgarden buildings, when they are converted into residential buildings, they also have to be rebuilt. For example, often during the reconstruction of cottages, the foundation is changed or strengthened. For very old houses, in some cases it is necessary to disassemble and install new roofs and ceilings.
Gas to country houses (since this procedure is currently very expensive) is rarely carried out in our country. In a residential building, it will be possible to do without gas if you replace it with electricity. It will also be difficult to live without hot and cold water.
Basic ways to restore the foundation
Reconstruction and completion of a country house should begin with the repair of its foundation. Most often in suburban areas you can see the following types of destruction of the foundation of cottages:
- Leaching and shedding of concrete.
- Laying masonry.
- Gap in height.
Leaching of foundations occurs when they are exposed to s alt solutions for a long time. The first thing the owner of the dacha will need to do in this case is to divert water from its base with aggressive substances present in them.
The leaching itself is corrected as follows:
- They take out the soil around the foundation to the very base in zones of 0.8 m.
- Clean up affected areas.
- Fill the recesses with cement mortar.
- At the same time, brickwork is being erected parallel to the foundation.
- The masonry is further waterproofed and the space between it and the base of the house is filled with clay.
The stratification of the foundation during the reconstruction of the old dacha is restored by filling the cracks with mortar. With a vertical gap, soil is removed around the base of the building. Next, fill the crack with mortar. At the final stage, the ditch around the house is covered with earth.
Remodeling the roof
The owner of a garden building who decides to reconstruct a dacha into a residential building may have to solve the following problems:
- Leaks.
- Rotting frame.
If there are leaks, only the roofing material itself or part of it will need to be changed. If the roof is rotten, it will have to be dismantled and a new one built.
To convert the cottage into a house, the roof can also be insulated. This will allow you to equip the building with a residential attic or attic. Insulate the roof in the event that its replacement is not required. This will have to be done from within. This procedure is usually performed as follows:
- Under the roof waterproofing between the rafters in the attic, mineral wool slabs are installed by surprise.
- Roof slopes covered with vapor barrier material.
- Sheathing of slopes with plywood, OSB and so on.
Reconstruction of ceiling and floor
Very often in old country houses there is such a problem as sagging beams. In this case, you will most likely need to dismantle the ceiling boards first. Then, in the ceiling, the beams themselves change, in fact. If the roof of the cottage is not supposed to be insulated, mineral wool slabs will need to be inserted intooverlap. The best way to reconstruct a country house in this case would be the following technology:
- After replacing the beams, a new ceiling is hemmed from below.
- A vapor barrier is laid on the ceiling boards from the side of the attic.
- Mineral wool slabs are installed between the beams.
- Waterproofer is being installed.
- Attic floors being laid.
In the dacha (if you want to convert it into a residential building), you will most likely have to insulate the floors in the rooms. To do this, they will first need to be dismantled. Further, the earth in the underground space is closed with roofing material. This is necessary to prevent subsequent impregnation of the insulator with groundwater.
Underground spaces under houses often have quite a lot of depth. Filling them, for example, with mineral wool alone can be very expensive. Therefore, when insulating floors in summer cottages, heat-insulating boards are combined with other, cheaper materials. It is possible to fill the underground space of the dacha during reconstruction to the required height, for example, with inexpensive slag. Next, cotton wool is laid on top of this material. Also, expanded clay or sawdust can be poured into the underground space. In the latter case, the material must first be impregnated with a composition that increases fire resistance, and mineral wool should be laid on top.
Rebuilding a dacha into a residential building: walls
Of course, in terms of aesthetics, residential buildings are more demanding than cottages. Therefore, the owner of a suburban area during the conversion,you may have to deal with the facades of the structure. To give the old building a presentable appearance, it is easiest to use hinged structures. In this case, it is required to carry out work on the reconstruction of the dacha as follows:
- The walls of the building are covered with a vapor barrier.
- A crate of timber is attached.
- If you want to insulate the building, mineral wool or expanded polystyrene slabs are mounted.
- Waterproofer is being installed.
- Fine sheathing is being carried out with a block house or clapboard.
Also, siding or corrugated board can also be used to decorate the walls of the cottage. In this case, the work will be carried out in the same way, but instead of a beam, a special metal profile will have to be used to assemble the frame.
Demolition of partitions
The technology of dismantling such structures depends on what material they are built from. To demolish drywall and panel partitions, you just need to remove the skin and disassemble the frame. More solid brick and block structures are removed as follows:
- Remove baseboard.
- Bricks or blocks are gradually knocked out from the bottom up and the rows are sorted out.
When dismantling heavy partitions, the floors are pre-covered with plywood. They begin to dismantle the masonry above the doorway.
Building an extension
By assembling such a structure, it will be easiest to expand the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe cottage. For the construction of extensions, usually the same material is used that was used in the construction of the house itself. Undersuch a structure will first need to build a foundation:
- For panel extension - columnar.
- For brick - block.
- For chopped - tape.
The foundation of such a structure is supposed to be deepened to the level of the foundation. The roof of the structure is usually led under the eaves of the roof of the house. The walls and foundation of the dacha are not rigidly attached to the extension (in order to avoid their destruction during shrinkage). The gaps between the structures are filled with mounting foam or laid with a tarred board.
Communications: water
Reconstruction and repair of wooden dachas, brick or block - the procedure in most cases is quite expensive. Even if the elements of the building do not require replacement or repair, and the building itself has a large area, it will have to carry out various kinds of communications to convert it into a residential building.
Perhaps you will need to drill a well next to the former dacha. This work is usually entrusted to specialists. But with a close occurrence of water, you can try to make a well yourself. To do this, use a specially designed drill and a water pump.
To supply water to the house, you will need to do the following:
- Establish a caisson around the well.
- Install a pumping station in the pit or use downhole equipment.
- Bring the highway to the house.
- Make internal wiring for plumbing fixtures.
Home heating
Heating in a residential building is best done with gas. In this case, whenreconstruction of the old country house the following works are carried out:
- The boiler is installed and radiators are hung on the walls.
- Main wiring in progress.
- The radiators are being inserted.
- The circulation pump and expansion tank are mounted.
The tie-in to the centralized highway in this case will have to be entrusted to a specialist. According to the rules, it is impossible to do such work on your own.
Installation of gas heating for residential premises is the best way to reconstruct a country house. Reviews from the owners of a suburban area such heating systems deserve simply excellent. However, centralized highways today are far from being carried out to all small settlements of the country. In such villages and towns, when re-equipping a summer house, you can use, for example, a gas tank or a battery from cylinders for heating rooms with liquefied gas. You can also install a boiler in the house that runs on wood, coal or diesel fuel.
Used water disposal
The sewerage system in summer cottages is usually equipped in the following ways:
- Assembly of external drain piping.
- Assembling the internal system with the installation of a riser and a lounger.
Septic tanks are usually used in dachas to receive sewage discharged from the house. Such containers are dug into the ground at a distance of at least 5 meters from a residential building.
Is it worth it to carry out reconstruction: reviews
Of course, it is worth rebuilding the dacha into a residential building if necessary. Especiallypeople of mature and old age respond well to this procedure. In the reviews, they report that you can leave a city apartment to grown-up children, and move out of town yourself. After all, far from all Russians have the opportunity to purchase new housing today. Rebuilding a summer house will cost much less than buying an apartment. Many homeowners consider living in an ecologically clean, quiet area, away from noise, industrial emissions and dust, among the advantages of refurbishing garden houses.
Some drawback of living in a converted dacha, according to the owners of suburban areas, can only be the absence of various kinds of infrastructure nearby. A polyclinic and a hospital are unlikely to be located near the dacha. Yes, and snow drifts in winter can cause inconvenience to those living in the former dacha. Roads outside the city in Russia are often cleaned irregularly. Also, many say that it is too lonely to live in a converted summer house in winter.
