Modern pellet stove is a heating device, the design of which implements the latest technologies that have significantly increased its efficiency while significantly reducing weight and dimensions.
The principle of operation implemented in the designs of pellet stoves-fireplaces
Products of the mentioned design belong to long-burning furnaces. They run on pellets with the principle used in convection ovens, but without most of its inherent disadvantages.
- The main difference between convection heaters is heating without the use of a liquid heat carrier. They heat indoor air, which reduces fuel consumption and warm-up time.
- The pellet stove additionally implements this principle due to the gas generator available in its design (afterburner, in which the gas released during the combustion of pellets is burned). This provides additional heat.
- A number of models of this design provide for the arrangement of special convection channels (empty cavities or pipes) in them, placed around the entire perimeter of the furnace. This technical solution allowsuse the law of convection. Taking cold air from the floor through the existing holes, pellet stoves heat it up, after which the hot air rises, giving off heat to the room.
- Pellets are fed into the furnace from a special tank (screw feed), where they fall on the burner or retort. The design implements automatic ignition, after which the fuel burns slowly.
In order to increase efficiency, the pellet stove is equipped with additional technical devices (smoke exhaust systems, forced air supply, metered supply of pellets, etc.).
How a classic pellet stove works
The design of stoves, the design of which allows organizing heating on pellets, has special elements adapted specifically for the mentioned fuel. This is:
- bunker connected to a pellet stove (capacity can be changed, thereby adjusting the battery life). This option is not available for pellet fireplaces. They only use the built-in reservoir;
- Screw feeding pellets. This device provides batch loading of fuel into the firebox chamber. Has electric drive gear;
- burner. The pellet stove is equipped with a retort burner that works continuously. It allows you to bring the autonomy of such a fireplace stove to significant indicators (a day or more, depending on the capacity of the bunker);
- fan (one or more, depending on the model). Submits the requiredquantity of fresh air and removes the generated combustion products;
- control panel. The furnaces of the mentioned design have an automatic control system, which is pre-programmed from the touch panel.
It must be understood that such ovens cannot operate without power supply.
Features of products with a water circuit
The water circuit pellet stove is a hybrid design. A special circuit, moving along which the coolant heats up, is made from several pipes-registers, which are mounted along the walls of the furnace or directly in it.
Other design solutions for arranging the water circuit
There are models of fireplace stoves in which the issue is resolved differently. In them, the coolant moves inside the walls, which are made double. This option is referred to as the "water jacket".
The third solution, much less effective and practically not used in new models, is to install a hot water tank on top of the oven.
The heat carrier circuit of any design is necessarily combined with the heating system of the building, which allows using the pellet stove as a heating device for the whole house. If necessary, it can be used for the domestic hot water system (hot water for technical needs). In this case, you can use any pellets. The price for them can vary from 5500 to 7500 rubles per ton.
The fireplace stove not only helps to create an atmosphere of comfort andcomfort, allowing you to admire the open tongues of a living flame, but can also be considered as the main heating device (in small country houses) or as a backup heat source in a large private house, heated by a water heating system that has its own boiler of any design.
Advantages of pellet stoves with built-in water circuit
- Pellets, the price of which is quite acceptable, are a manufactured type of fuel. This allows you to set their geometric dimensions at the production stage, which, in turn, made it possible to automate the supply of such fuel to the fireplace firebox.
- The use of such materials made it possible to achieve continuous operation of the furnaces of the mentioned design for very long periods, which facilitates their operation.
- This fuel makes it possible to adjust the output power of the heating device, taking into account the actual temperature in the building.
- All pellet stoves have closed fireboxes. Therefore, they do not dry the air in the room and show higher efficiency.
Conclusions
Innovative technologies implemented in the designs of pellet stoves have made it possible to achieve a significant increase in their performance and capabilities. This explains the constantly growing demand for products of this type.
