Main sewerage networks operate with a heavy load, requiring the connection of powerful circulation pumps, filtration and purification systems. However, the problems of servicing contaminated wastewater begin at the first stage of discharge from the household network. For this reason, plumbers recommend the use of sewer pumps in the kitchen apartment, which remove unnecessary stress from the pipeline and minimize the intensity of sewer clogging.
Main equipment tasks
The sewage pump represents a wide group of plumbing units, the list of tasks of which includes the following:
- Maintain sufficient pressure in the system. This is the basic function of any pump that is used in the water supply channel. But in this case, shestill secondary. A typical home sewer pump solves the problem of keeping the effluent circulating at the proper level, eliminating the formation of blockages.
- Preparation of drains. This pump, unlike conventional circulation systems, is installed directly at the outlet points of the serviced masses, performing their grinding operations.
- Control and measurement tasks. Together with the regulation of the movement of wastewater, the pump can measure the temperature of the serviced medium, volumes of flow and pressure.
All of the above tasks can be attributed not only to the hydraulic supply of the domestic sewer system, but also to sanitary support, since we can talk about vital objects from the point of view of hygiene. This equipment is also used in equipping bathrooms, showers, bathtubs, etc.
Design and design of the pump
Externally, the design resembles an ordinary toilet flush tank, but the internal filling and functionality is radically different. The body is usually made of sanitary high-strength plastic with separate rubber inserts at the points of connection of valves and pipes. The basis of the device is a submersible pump provided with an electric motor. The power pumping unit is contained inside a plastic structure and also has fundamental differences from other pumps. The main one can be called the presence of cutting mechanisms designed to grind waste that comes out with drains. If the pump forthe sewerage system in the apartment for the kitchen recycles leftover food and rubble garbage, then a similar installation in the toilet grinds fecal masses. Also, the design of the pump provides for several filtration levels - the receiving and coal blocks. Recycled wastewater is released through a check valve.
Working principle
The unit is driven by the aforementioned electric motor, which is usually connected to a single-phase 220 V network. At the first stage, the circulation of wastewater in the serviced sewer line is activated in principle. Such pumps are used in systems with forced water movement, so the functionality is activated only at certain points. As the effluents enter the receiving unit, the cutting mechanisms begin their work. After that, the already processed waste is sent through the outlet channel either to the sewer network or to the septic tank, if we are talking about private households. With the help of a non-return valve, the sewer pump in the kitchen apartment also prevents the sewage from returning to the device. Some models are additionally provided with means of cooling and ventilation of wastewater, which complies with sanitary standards and requirements for the preparation of wastewater for sewerage.
Classification of the unit by purpose
Even within the framework of servicing one apartment, the sewage pump may have a slightly different purpose depending on the conditions of use and the point of operation. In this regard, the following classification can be considered:
- Stationary pumps. A universal unit with a grinder pump, which has practically no restrictions on the type of wastewater to be processed, but requires the organization of special technical conditions for installation. This is a standard sewer pump in a kitchen apartment, which is installed either in a wall niche behind the sink, or directly under the sink.
- Sewer pumping station. Pumping equipment with a tank into which wastewater with crushed waste enters and is then transported to the sewer. The stations do not have cutting tools, and their main task is precisely to maintain the optimal rate of redistribution of prepared effluents through the outlet channels.
- Compact sewage pumps. Suitable for small apartments with a small kitchen or bathroom. The unit is connected to a small format pipeline and works with small volumes of wastewater. Such models allow hanging mounting, which saves space.
Pumps for cold and hot drains
Temperature is an important factor in the maintenance of wastewater with waste. Therefore, manufacturers fundamentally divide sewage pumps according to the criterion of the possibility of operation in certain aqueous media. The boundary level can be called 35-40 ° C. This is the temperature of the medium at the inlet. Up to this level, models for cold drains can be operated, and above (up to 90-95 ° C) - units for hot drains. Almost all fecal sewage pumps in a private house belong to the first group and work intemperature conditions up to 40 °C. It is a target equipment for sinks, toilets and bidets. Channels through which hot water can drain are contraindicated for such pumps. As for models designed for high temperatures of working environments, they can be connected to dishwashers and washing machines, bathtubs and kitchen sinks.
Specifications
Technical and operational capabilities of household sewage pumps in the house can be reflected in the following parameters:
- Electric motor power - medium range 350 to 550 watts.
- Capacity - from 4000 to 5700 l/h.
- Inlet nozzle diameter - from 20 to 32 mm.
- Weight - from 5 to 8 kg.
- The height of the rise of drains is up to 7-8 m.
- Submission of wastewater horizontally - up to 100-120 m.
- Working environment temperature - from 35 to 95 °C.
How to choose the optimal model?
First of all, attention is paid to the above characteristics - performance indicators must meet the requirements of a particular plumbing unit. Further, the design parameters of the model, the configuration of the location of pipes and valves, the configuration and diameters of the connection channels are taken into account. It is desirable that an installation scheme with points of entry and exit of wastewater be prepared initially. More importantly, at home, sewerage pumps must fit into the interior, so the design properties of the model are also important. The color gamut is also taken into account, although the vast majority of such devicesperformed in the same type of white spectrum.
Best sewer pump manufacturers
Almost all major manufacturers of sanitary equipment and even a specialized designer of Grundfos pumps are present in this niche, but the SFA brand is the undisputed leader of the segment. Particularly noteworthy is its Sanivite Silence line - pumps that are used as a complete solution for kitchen sinks, dishwashers and washing machines, as well as simply for pumping wastewater of various origins. Decent quality solutions are also offered by the Danish company Grundfos. In its lineup, the Sololift2 C-3 forced sewage pump deserves attention, designed to service several plumbing units at the same time at 90 ° C. For operation directly in an apartment or in a country house, it is worth considering the Unipump Sanivort 250 model, which, judging by the reviews, is reliable and ergonomic in use. The surfaces of the device are easy to clean, the pump is provided with thermal protection, and a special sensor with automatic shutdown is provided for pressure control.
Installation of equipment
After the place for the operation of the equipment has been determined, installation work can begin in accordance with the following instructions:
- Basic plumbing tools are being prepared, as well as complete materials for installation with clamps and pipes.
- Using regularfastener, you need to fix the device.
- The pressure pipeline line is being prepared for installation. If you plan to install a sewer pump in a private household, then pre-pressure the connected channel, which will identify possible leaks.
- It is desirable to minimize bends. At the very least, they should be smooth and free of twists.
- At the very beginning of the horizontal section of the serviced pipeline, a valve is installed that will regulate air access.
- If necessary, ventilation and air lines are installed.
- The tightness of joints and connections is checked.
- The electric motor is connected to the network with a preliminary check of grounding and protective shutdown.
What else to consider when installing equipment?
Forced operation of a sewerage pump in a private house in a stable mode is possible only if the slope is maintained correctly when horizontal pipes are located. That is, the standard performance and optimal indicators of pumping distances will be relevant, provided that the pipeline for wastewater has a slope of up to 10 degrees, and for inlet - at least 30 degrees.
Conclusion
Sanitary pumps certainly increase the reliability of the household plumbing system, extending the life of the pipeline. But it is important to keep in mind that the equipment also puts a load on the power grid and, if used incorrectly, can causehydraulic accident. Fecal pumps for sewerage in private households deserve special attention, since they work with large volumes of pollution, representing an intermediate stage of their delay. Therefore, the manufacturers of such devices themselves recommend regularly cleaning them, checking the condition of the electrical infrastructure and the reliability of the connections. The risk of freezing equipment is also taken into account. In winter, without the presence of special thermal insulation in conditions of negative temperatures, the water supply to the pump should be shut off, draining all the water from its reservoir.
