In modern life, time is very fleeting. The pace is such that you do not have time to notice how the days, months, and then the years fly by. People run like a squirrel in a wheel along the roads of history. There are a lot of things to do every day. It is not surprising that scientists are struggling to solve problems with which to make life easier for the modern inhabitants of planet Earth. And here is one such solution - the invention of the dishwasher in order to free up the time of each family.
A little history of the first attempts
So, let's delve into history to find out who invented the dishwasher. Find out to whom we should be indebted for the opportunity to spend the most valuable minutes of life on family and loved ones, on learning new things or just having a pleasant vacation instead of cleaning dishes.
Attempts to invent the first dishwashing machine were back in 1850. But they didn't lead to anything. Joel Houghton - that's who invented the dishwasher in the very original version. But he did not achieve much result - his apparatus was absolutely not convenient, not effective, since there were a lot of flaws.
However, on this humanitydidn't stop and here it is! The first dishwasher appeared.
Madame Josephine Cochrane and her early developments
So who invented the dishwasher in a more convenient way? Madame Josephine Cochrane is to be thanked for this. It should be noted that she was a rich lady and, of course, she herself did not do such not very pleasant work as washing dishes. This was done by her servant. But, to put it mildly, the hostess did not like the efficiency and accuracy of the servants. Quite often, some part of her beautiful china services would break, which brought bitterness and disappointment to Madame Cochrane.
She tried for a long time to solve this problem, she even tried to start washing the dishes herself, but this was not an option - after all, a rich lady should not do such things. As a result, Madame, who knows the basics of physics and mechanics due to her upbringing in the family of an inventor, through long calculations and theories, was able to create a drawing of Josephine Cochrane's dishwasher.
Madame patented her invention on December 31, 1885 at the US Patent Office. Accordingly, it is this time that is considered to be the year of the invention of the dishwasher. The first sample was collected the following year. This machine was a wooden basket with an axle in the center. The basket contained various grids on which dishes could be placed. This axis had to be untwisted by the hostess or dishwasher. Thus, the necessary cleaning of dishes took place.
This dishwasher was a huge success - allhotels, restaurants and other public institutions were eager to acquire such devices for their arsenal. A sea of orders rained down on Madame Cochrane, and she founded her own company for the production of "Cochrane sinks". But it was still a hand-operated dishwasher - the washing process still required manual labor, albeit to a lesser extent.
Improvement of the unit
But Josephine Cochrane didn't stop there. The necessary step was the invention of an automated version of the dishwasher. The original drawing was improved, the new version of the dishwasher added a steam engine that rotated the grates and supplied hot water. This dishwasher model was patented in 1900. But even on this, the one who invented the dishwasher in the original version did not complete her scientific development and innovation. Thus, the next stage of product modernization was the replacement of the operation of the movement of the racks inside the machine with rotational ones and the addition of the possibility of pumping used water into the sink.
Road to the masses
The next step in the production of dishwashers was the release of smaller items for the home kitchen. However, ordinary housewives did not soon decide to buy such an assistant in their home, because the price was quite high. But with the help of spreading the word that this miraculous machine kills all microbes in very hot water, personal sales began to rise andThe automatic dishwasher has gained immense popularity all over the world.
Such is the history of the dishwasher, the creation of which has changed many things in the past, present and future life of mankind. The story is unique, because the discovery could not have happened if the services had remained in complete safety and cleanliness. We learned who invented the dishwasher, from the development of which the further development and production of more and more new models with different functions began.
Variety of shapes and sizes
A dishwasher is not a luxury nowadays. This technique is available in almost every family. Thanks to it, for dazzling cleanliness, you only need to load the plates and glasses into the machine, add a cleaning agent, a little time and "voila" - the dishes sparkle! In addition, when using such a machine, not only time is saved, but also the most precious resource - water, which is already quite scarce in many areas.
Now on sale there are dishwashers and industrial sizes, and modest ones for the smallest kitchen, there are very expensive appliances, there are budget ones: choose the option that your family will like.
Types of modern dishwashers
There are three possible types of dishwashers on the modern market - these are built-in, stationary / partially built-in or portable / desktop.
Let's take a closer look at each one.
- Built-in dishwashers –an ideal option if you are going to equip the kitchen from scratch, that is, it is possible to allocate space for a car when designing a kitchen set. In addition, this is the best option for the design of the future premises - nothing will stand out much when viewed. With this option, the dishwasher is fully integrated into the headset and only the control panel will be visible.
- Stationary/partially built-in dishwashers are an option for those who already have a kitchen and want to buy a machine. In this case, the unit will be installed in the headset partially and not under a common countertop or facade. Also, such a machine can be installed separately where possible. Of course, with this option, there is no longer a general concept of kitchen design, since the machine will already be visible and you will have to choose specifically according to predetermined dimensions, but then you will have the opportunity to use such a wonderful invention! The control panel of such a machine is already on the door and, if necessary, you no longer have to open the filled machine in order to turn it on for a work cycle. Agree, this is a big plus.
- Portable/desktop dishwashers - these little ones will be a real salvation for those who have absolutely nowhere to put the previous two options. Such a machine can be installed on the countertop of a kitchen set due to its modest size. Connecting it is quite simple - you just needaccess to faucet and sink. But, of course, you cannot load a lot of dishes into such a machine - this is its minus.
Criteria for choosing dishwashers
Definitely, before choosing one or another model of equipment, you need to find out the following nuances:
- Dimensions: the choice depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen and the size of the place that will be allotted for installing the dishwasher.
- View of the dishwasher itself (built-in, stationary/partially built-in or portable/desktop).
- The price you are willing to pay for a new kitchen helper.
- Dishwasher capacity is one of the most important criteria. Different models can accommodate from 4 to 17 sets of dishes. On average, according to statistics, the machine turns on once a day, so before buying, you need to decide how many sets of dishes will be accumulated in your family for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Additionally, you can lay a place for several pots or pans.
- Efficiency of the dishwasher: you need to find out how much water and electricity will be spent in 1 cycle of operation. In addition, you need to pay attention to the consumption both in economy mode and in normal mode.
- Number of functions performed - mainly about five programs are used - normal, intensive, economical, fast, with pre-soak, fragile dishwashing mode. Not superfluous functions will be half load mode, sterilization, timer delay, child protection.
Types of detergents
Dishwasher requires the use of detergents. Currently, there are a lot of such assistants: powders, gels, tablets, universal 3in1 products - as they say, for every taste, color and budget. In addition, you need to use a water softener, rinse aid, freshener. When using such products, the dishes will shine with cleanliness and freshness!
Problems at work
So, you have got yourself a great helper in the kitchen. What problems can arise during operation, in which you will have to repair dishwashers on your own:
- The machine makes unusual noises: in this case, either the dishes are loose or the bearings are damaged and will have to be replaced.
- Dishwasher won't turn on: check power supply, close door tighter, check water supply, or replace blown fuse.
- Machine shuts down before completing cycle - power supply needs to be checked, fuse checked or service pump needs to be replaced.
- Long water filling: check the water supply pressure or clean the inlet pipes.
- The door of the loading compartment does not close - check the balance of the machine and more.
In the event of more serious breakdowns of domestic or industrial units, it is better to entrust the repair of dishwashers to professional service workers.
