A balcony provides homeowners with great benefits as it not only expands the available space, but it can also be converted into a full-fledged room. However, in order to be comfortable on it, glazing alone is not enough, since in the cold season it will have a low air temperature. Therefore, many people are thinking about how to make heating on the balcony. There are many ways to heat, each of which has certain characteristics. The most common ones will be discussed in detail in this article.
Legal nuances
If you decide to make heating on the balcony from central heating, then you must adhere to the basic norms of the current legislation, otherwise problems may arise. To fulfill anyconstruction work and laying of communications, it is imperative to obtain permission from the BTI.
His extradition may be refused if:
- There is floor heating on the balcony, which can freeze and burst in winter. In this case, good insulation of the loggia is required.
- Piping can negatively affect the water pressure in the public heating system.
Undoubtedly, it is possible to carry out installation work without permission, however, if the regulatory authorities notice this, then there will be big problems. In addition, it will also be very problematic to sell housing, since it will be impossible to reissue documents without appropriate changes in the technical passport for an apartment. If the heating of a balcony, loggia or any other room was carried out illegally, it means that they were not included in the plan. In the future, you will have to pay a monetary pen alty or return everything to its original state.
When trying to obtain permission to lay communications, regional authorities may issue a ban. For example, in Moscow it is generally forbidden to install radiators on balconies and loggias.
How to get permission from the BTI?
If you want to make redevelopment in the apartment, then it must be coordinated with the technical inventory bureau. If everything is in order with the project estimate, then you will be issued a permit to carry out the necessary work.
To get a document, you need:
- Contact the BTI and get the floor plan of the building.
- Go to the departmentfor the overhaul of the city administration.
- Submit an application to the fire safety and sanitary and epidemiological control service.
- Contact the Department of Architecture and Housing Inspection.
In this case, you will need to collect a rather impressive package of documents, which includes:
- civil passport;
- certificate of ownership of real estate;
- floor plan of the object;
- housing redevelopment project;
- extract from the house book;
- written consent of all family members;
- document confirming the absence of arrears in utility bills.
Only after all this you can get permission and start installing heating on the balcony. The procedure is lengthy and requires a lot of time and effort, but this way you can avoid many problems in the future.
Heating options
Let's take a closer look at this. Having decided to carry out heating on the balcony, first of all it is necessary to decide what it will be like. To avoid legal trouble, consider one of the following options:
- electric floor heating;
- fan heater;
- oil or infrared heater;
- gas convector.
Each of the above heating methods does not require intervention in engineering networks, for their implementation you do not need to obtain permission from the BTI, so it is better to use them. Heating on the balcony from central heating will not be the best option, since itvery difficult to implement, and there is a high probability of flooding neighbors in the event of a pipe burst.
Electric floor heating
What is its feature? Underfloor heating on the balcony from central heating is very common in our country, because it has a high heating efficiency. But here the choice becomes, what will it be - water or electric? The second one is considered the best because it is very easy to implement and also does not require permission to perform installation work.
This heating system is a special mesh made of cable weaves, which is installed under the screed.
Installation of a warm floor is carried out according to the following scheme:
- Remove the flooring and remove all debris.
- It is necessary to make a hole in the wall through which the cable will be fed, and to gouge a small recess for the thermometer in the floor.
- Ground the concrete base.
- Then, a heating mat is laid with an indent of 5 centimeters from the supporting structures.
- Install and connect a thermal sensor to the thermostat.
- The groove is covered with tile mix.
- Lay tiles.
After the glue is completely dry, it will be possible to put the system into operation. A good alternative to electric is infrared floor. They carry out heating with the help of special radiation, therefore, it provides an increased level of safety, and also consumes much less electricity than electricheating the balcony with underfloor heating, which saves on utility bills.
Water floor heating
Such heating of a balcony in an apartment is also very common, however, its implementation requires permission from the BTI and accurate calculations, which depend on the pipe laying method. To date, there are two main ways:
- Snail. Communications are carried out in a spiral from the center of the room to the supporting elements.
- Snake. Pipes are laid in zigzags from one wall to another. This method is better because it heats the floor more evenly.
As a rule, when installing a water-heated floor, pipes are poured with a concrete screed. In this case, a prerequisite is the presence of a layer of heat and waterproofing, which are laid on a reinforcing mesh. After completion of all work, the heating is turned on for a day in order to check the system for leaks.
Heaters
If you have a not too warm balcony, which is not provided with central heating, then its heating can be carried out using special electrical appliances that heat the air by running it with a fan through the heating element. This option is convenient in that it does not require any installation work, and the devices can be moved from place to place. However, there is one big downside. Fan heaters reduce the humidity in the room too much. In addition, periodically turn off the appliances, as they can overheat and fail.
Thermal panels
So what's special about them? Convector heaters work on a similar principle with fan heaters, however, the circulation of heated air is carried out naturally, and not forced. Their main advantages are:
- Quiet.
- Heating efficiency.
- Easy to install.
- Reliability.
- Low cost.
Despite the large number of advantages, convectors also have disadvantages. They greatly dry the air, which can adversely affect the well-being of a person staying on the balcony, and also consume a lot of electricity. When buying a thermal panel, it is very important to choose the right power, which is calculated based on the area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
Oil heaters
With their help, you can make effective heating of an insulated balcony. These devices are a metal case filled with special technical oil, which is heated by a heating element. They are very practical to use because they do not need to be switched off. Having warmed up to a temperature of 80 degrees, the equipment automatically turns off. When using this type of heaters, one feature must be taken into account. They heat up for a very long time, but after turning off they continue to give off heat for several hours.
Installing the battery in the loggia
The heating radiator on the balcony is very convenient and practical, so it is often used for heating. Hehas a low cost, and also does not require switching on and off. However, their installation is not so simple. Since the batteries are connected to the central heating system, a permit is required for installation work. In addition, one important nuance should be taken into account. At zero degrees, the radiators freeze, as a result of which they can burst. What is fraught with, everyone knows.
If, nevertheless, you decide to stay on such a heating system, then it is very important to choose good batteries. Today they are made of aluminum, cast iron and steel. Connection can be done both independently and seek help from qualified specialists. To reduce the risk of flooding your neighbors, it is recommended to call professionals.
Gas heating
Some people install boilers on their balconies to heat them, but from the point of view of economic feasibility, this option does not make much sense. The only way out is gas convectors.
They have the following benefits:
- Economy. Gas consumption is very low, and this type of fuel is much cheaper than electricity.
- High heating efficiency. The balcony will warm up very quickly, especially if it faces the sunny side of the building.
- Easy installation. Gas convectors can be installed both separately and connected to a common gas network. When connecting, you don’t have to hammer the walls too much, but it will be enough just to make one hole through which the products will be removedcombustion.
- Safety. Most models are equipped with a gas leakage system, so in case of any problems, they will automatically turn off.
In addition to all of the above, gas heating on the balcony can be used not only on insulated loggias. They provide a comfortable temperature for living even in the presence of drafts.
Infrared heaters
Today they are popular. Their principle of operation has much in common with IR warm floors. During operation, the devices heat the floor and surrounding objects, which subsequently give off heat. This significantly increases heating efficiency and reduces utility bills. However, there is one drawback. Infrared heaters emit a lot of light, so they can interfere with residents' sleep during the night's rest. In addition, the lamps are easy to break, and they also heat up to two hundred degrees Celsius, which creates a risk of burns.
If you are planning to repair balconies with heating, but for some reason you do not have the opportunity to install a warm floor or radiator, then infrared heaters will be the best choice for heating. Their efficiency reaches 98 percent, which is the highest rate to date.
Conclusion
Finally, it should be noted that, in addition to those discussed in this article, there are other methods of heating balconies and loggias. Which one to choose, eachdecides for himself, but it is not recommended to hurry too much. Everything needs to be well thought out and calculated in order to achieve maximum efficiency and economy, since high utility bills for heating will deal a significant blow to the family budget. With a serious approach to business, warmth, comfort and well-being will always reign in your home.
