Most often we use ordinary tap water, which comes from artesian wells or reservoirs. But in some situations, distilled water is needed - a liquid purified from any impurities, minerals, harmful substances. The principle of operation of the distiller is based on the evaporation of liquid and the collection of condensate. Such water is used in medicine, but sometimes it can be useful in everyday life, for example, when caring for a car. It is also recommended to pour it into irons and steamers to prevent scale formation.
Water distiller device
The production of distilled water takes place with the help of a water distiller. Such units are most often used in the medical field, for example, in laboratories, pharmacies, hospitals, sanatoriums, as well as in industry. The device of the distiller and the principle of operation are quite simple.
The device consists of a distillation cube, in whichwater is supplied. The tank is filled to a certain level and then heated to the boiling point. During heating, steam is released, which enters the cooling chamber, where it is converted into condensate. After that, the condensate flows into another container. The resulting liquid is distilled water. All impurities that were present in the water are non-volatile and remain in the distiller. This is the principle of the distiller.
Single and multiple distillation
Single distillation is considered insufficiently effective. This process requires a significant amount of energy, and the volume of water obtained as a result is small. Therefore, this method is most often used to produce distilled water for personal use.
The principle of operation of a multi-column type distiller is based on the fact that the heat of the first column heats the second, the second heats the next, and so on. As a result of the operation of such a device, energy consumption is significantly reduced, and the volume of the resulting condensate is quite large. The amount of energy needed to heat the first column is the same as for single distillation, and much less energy is required for the second and subsequent columns. In this case, the cold water supplied to the device for subsequent evaporation serves as an additional cooler.
In industry and medicine, a laboratory electrical device is used. The principle of operation of the water distiller remains the same, but the device is connected directly toplumbing and is capable of producing distilled water continuously. The capacity of the unit can be up to 200 liters per hour.
Turning sea water into fresh water
The distillation method is used to convert s alt water into fresh water. Sea water is distilled to separate the liquid from s alt and minerals. All impurities remain in the precipitate, which remains after evaporation. In a tropical climate with a large number of sunny days per year, the heating of the liquid occurs throughout the day. The condensation process in this case does not require large energy consumption. The working principle of the distiller is applied in coastal tropical regions.
