Lighting is of great importance in interior decor. The correct location of the fixtures on the ceiling allows you to transform the room. There are several methods for placing light sources. Popular options for the location of lamps on the ceiling are described in this article.
Lighting planning
Lighting design includes several steps:
- Choosing the type and type of appliances for the interior.
- Determining the number of light sources.
- Create the plant diagram.
The planning procedure begins with the definition of the style in which the lighting system is built. The type of light sources is also taken into account. In this case, there are two options: selection for the design of the room or contrast.
Then you need to determine the areas of the apartment that need an individual luminous flux: brighter or muted. Comfort and convenience depend on it. After choosing the type of luminaires, you need todetermine their number, and then draw up a layout.
Types of lighting
To choose the location of the fixtures on the ceiling, you should familiarize yourself with their types used in houses and apartments. Often used in residential areas:
- Chandeliers. These are traditional lighting fixtures that are usually located in the center of the ceiling. Usually they have a lot of horns, which perfectly illuminate the room.
- Built-in spotlights. They are also called spots. Usually they are placed on suspended and stretch ceilings. The case is located above the level of the clean ceiling, only the decorative part and the front surface are visible. They can be placed both throughout the area and in specific areas.
- Backlight. This type of lighting is different in that linear light sources are used more often, which are absolutely hidden from the eyes. They are used on suspended or stretch ceilings, but even on a regular one, you can make a drywall box, behind which lighting devices are hidden.
Also there are wall, table lamps, floor lamps. The choice of type of lighting largely depends on the room. Combining different types of lamps, it will be possible to provide modern lighting.
Lamp Types
Considering the topic of the location of fixtures on the ceiling, you should familiarize yourself with the types of socles used. There are lamps for different bases. When choosing them, you need to take into account the necessary illumination and the type of ceiling in which the lamps are built.
Restrictions apply for stretch ceilings:fabrics and films that are used for them are difficult to tolerate heat. Therefore, halogen and fluorescent lamps with a power of not more than 20 watts are installed on film stretch ceilings. Incandescent lamps are also suitable - no more than 40 watts. 35 and 60 W are installed on fabric ones.
There are LED light sources, but there are no restrictions on them, because they heat up less. Therefore, in this case, you should choose according to the shape, color temperature and brightness.
Backlight
When choosing the location of fixtures on the ceiling, you should consider all light sources, as well as backlighting. For the latter, linear lamps are usually chosen. They are divided into luminescent and neon. LED linear ones are also used.
LEDs are the best. They have several advantages. They are economical, durable, heat up less than others. But there are also disadvantages: the power supply requires a reduced voltage, so converters are needed. They are more expensive, and they must be placed in a place accessible for repair.
If you don't like LEDs, you need to choose fluorescent and neon lights. Usually the first ones are chosen, since their installation and connection are simpler. But the minus is the flickering light and the "cold" glow. Installation of neon lamps requires the connection of other light sources.
Distances
As you can see from the photo, the arrangement of lamps on the ceiling in the form of sequentially placed devices looks beautiful. When placing, you should take into account the power of the lamps, their distance from the walls, since they also heat up. If a row of lamps is located along the wall, then the distance to it should be at least 20 cm. Otherwise, there is a risk of heating it up.
You should also take into account the minimum distance between the built-in ceiling lights - it is 30 cm.
Number
Before choosing the location of the fixtures on the stretch ceiling in the room, you should determine their number. Usually the calculation is performed from the standards. They are different for different rooms.
To determine the number of fixtures, the following rules are taken into account:
- The area of the room must be multiplied by the norm of illumination. It turns out the total power of the desired lighting.
- Then you should determine the power of light sources and their type, determine the luminous flux.
- The total power is divided by the power of the lamps, their number is obtained. Then you need to choose only the layout of the fixtures on the rectangular ceiling.
Example
To make it clearer, consider an example of determining the number of lamps. So, the basis will be a living room of 16 square meters. m. It is required to place LED lamps with a power of 2 watts. This is 200 Lux. The calculation looks like this:
- The desired luminous flux is set according to the norm: 16150=2400 Lux.
- Then the number is determined: the resulting figure must be divided by the luminous flux of the lamps: 2400/200=12 pieces. It turns out that for the roomneed 12 bulbs.
At this rate, the lighting is bright, but sometimes a subdued, soft light is required. This should be taken into account when choosing the location of the fixtures on the stretch ceiling. It is desirable to make sure that the lighting can vary. To do this, the lamps are divided into several groups.
If two are selected, then they are connected to one line through one and lead to a two-gang switch. In this case, it is allowed to turn on the lamps through one, as a result, a dim light will be obtained. At will, the luminaires can be divided into more groups, which can be brought separately to the switches and turned on if necessary.
With chandelier
The location of the fixtures on the stretch ceiling in a rectangular room is selected based on the shape. The presence of other light sources and other factors is also taken into account.
As you can see from the photo, the location of the lamps on the ceiling with a chandelier looks beautiful. And in many rooms, the presence of a chandelier is assumed, which is placed in the center. From this point, further compositions are built. They are symmetrical or asymmetrical, but the main device should be considered as a starting point:
- Lamps are placed in the corners of the room, and a chandelier remains in the center. This option is great for small spaces.
- More devices can be placed along one wall.
- Lighting devices are placed on two opposite walls.
- For large rooms toothere is an option: three lamps are placed in each corner of the room.
- The semicircle from one wall looks beautiful.
- Semicircles can be parallel.
- To make the room light, the devices are placed on all sides, evenly distributing them.
- Wavy placement of lighting fixtures is allowed.
- Lamps can be installed in one corner.
- The arrangement of devices in a circle around the chandelier looks beautiful.
- The option looks original when the lamps are placed near the chandelier and in the corners of the room.
Without chandelier
If the lighting is based only on built-in lighting devices, there are no fewer options. In this case, the light sources must be divided into groups - based on the level of illumination. The best options for the location of lamps on a stretch ceiling in a hall or another room include:
- Different light sources can be alternated around the perimeter of the entire room.
- The lamps will be placed symmetrically.
- Lamps of two types are arranged in the form of a pattern, for example, figure eight, circle, semicircles.
You can also create your own lighting for each zone. It is enough to turn on the necessary devices to provide the necessary atmosphere in the room.
Living room
The location of the fixtures on the stretch ceiling in the hall may be different. In this room, a chandelier is usually used, and, as a rule, a large one. If the room is square, then it is better to choose symmetrical options. They allow you to emphasize the correct geometry.
This is suitable for those options when you do not need to emphasize zoning. In this case, asymmetry is effective, and spots of various types can be used. The location of the fixtures on the ceiling in the hall can be presented in the form of groups. This allows you to vary the intensity of the light.
Whatever option is chosen, with or without a chandelier, but the schemes include more than a dozen spots, and more often several dozen. Therefore, to save electricity, LED lamps should be placed. Although they are more expensive, they have no equal in terms of efficiency.
Bedroom
You need to choose the location of the devices on the basis that the atmosphere in this room should be cozy. Therefore, when buying lamps, you should pay attention to devices with a warm glow temperature, that is, those that create a slightly yellowish light. If you place appliances with a blue or bright white tint in the bedroom, it will be difficult for you to relax.
Lighting schemes are usually the same. You can install appliances in certain areas, such as over a dressing table or workspace. Moreover, it can be both ceiling lamps and wall lamps. The main thing is to keep everything concise.
Kitchen
The location of the lamps on the ceiling of the kitchen is varied. Even if the room is small, it is usually divided into two parts. In one, food is prepared, and in the other, it is received. If there is a stretch ceiling, the location of the fixtures in the kitchen should be such as to emphasize these areas. Therefore, spots are usually placed alongheadset, and above the table - a rectangle, oval or other shape.
If the room is small, complex schemes are not suitable. In these cases, the spots are located around the perimeter or along two walls. An oval or square also looks beautiful. Just do not use large lamps with complex shades in a small room. They look pretty but perfect for a living room.
You can install lamps of different types. It can be devices with long legs. Plafonds come in different shapes, but cylindrical or round ones are most in demand.
Children's
If the lighting in the children's room is not designed correctly, it will be uncomfortable. A multifaceted plan is needed. The student needs a separate area for learning, where it is better to make bright lighting. Enough light should be in the play area. And above the sleeping area, it is better to use subdued lighting.
If bunk ceilings are used, lighting fixtures are placed along the level boundary. For flat schemes more - you should take one of the existing ones or come up with your own.
Bathroom and toilet
In these rooms, a chandelier is not required. This is due to the small area and electrical safety. The spotlights used in the bathroom are installed in the shape of a rectangle or oval near the walls. A wall-mounted device is additionally hung above the mirror. A wall-mounted fixture can be placed above the mirror.
In addition to design, it is important to remember the high-quality moisture protection of devices. Due to high humidity, it is better not to use fluorescent lamps whose chokeleaky. It is important that the fixtures withstand fumes and splashes of water.
Placement varies by device. Usually two or three lamps are placed above the bath and shower, and a few - in the rest of the room.
Corridor and hallway
Placement of spotlights on the ceiling depends on the geometric shape of the room. In a narrow opening, there are enough spots installed in one row. In a rectangular room, it is better to use four lamps that form this geometric figure.
Spotlights can be mounted under the ceiling, as well as in various objects. This technique allows you to make the design of the room exquisite.
Choice
The procedure for installing stretch ceilings and fixtures does not take much time compared to the choice. Be sure to take into account the design of the room, height and width. If the dimensions allow, then built-in spotlights are added to the chandelier, and then the room will be as lit as possible.
If the ceilings are low, then a small chandelier with standard light bulbs is suitable, as long as their power is no more than 45 watts. The light should be directed downwards, not towards the ceiling. Often, for this option, an LED strip is chosen, which is hidden at the joints.
For small rooms, experts advise installing spotlights or track lights, as this lighting allows you to achieve the effect of increasing space with the help of light. When choosing instruments, check the quality and integrityconstruction, otherwise there is a risk of the stretch ceiling catching on the chipped lamp body.
More lamps are selected according to the overall geometry of the fittings in the room. If all objects are rounded, then angular devices can violate the overall concept. It is necessary to choose lamps on the basis of the practicality of the stretch fabric. With the fabric option, the circle of searches increases, since the fabric can tolerate heat from light bulbs. With PVC, luminaires with less power are needed. Preferably halogen or LED.
Which is better?
It is quite difficult to determine exactly which stretch ceiling fixtures are best, but some have several advantages that will be decisive when choosing. Many masters recommend choosing spotlights instead of a massive and voluminous chandelier. The reason is that all appliances have a different size of the inside, which is hidden in the ceiling niche.
As a result, for recessed fixtures, it is required to reduce the overall height of the ceiling. The size of the niche depends on the type of luminaire, that is, the more you need to hide the body of the device, the lower the cover falls.
From light bulbs it is better to choose LED. Halogen ones have an aesthetic drawback: the reflector is illuminated during operation, part of the light is passed into the stretch ceiling, which makes all fasteners and wires visible. In this case, it is inconvenient to change the light bulb. And the LED lamp, on the contrary, does not let light through and is easy to change.
When choosing recessed fixtures, the light fallsat an acute angle and does not scatter. Therefore, it is desirable that the light bulb protrudes slightly from the main plane, scattering it around itself.
GX53 recessed luminaires are preferred. They sell LED and energy-saving light bulbs. Although it may seem that it is better to choose an economical one, the LED lasts longer and lights up almost instantly.
Thus, the arrangement of lamps in the room can be varied. It is important that the scheme fits perfectly into the room. Only then will the lighting create a cozy atmosphere.
