When buying an apartment, you need to know what condition it is in. Future repairs depend on how finished the apartment was handed over by the builders. In addition, it is important to know what you need to pay attention to when getting a new apartment. New buildings are rented in rough, pre-finishing and fine finishing. Each of these species deserves a separate mention, so it's worth getting as much information as possible about one of them first.
Prefinishing
Finishing pre-finishing - these are the stages of repair, after which the apartment does not become habitable, but before that there is very little left. Bringing an apartment to this stage is not difficult, but it takes a long time, and this requires a lot of effort and money. However, its high-quality implementation guarantees a comfortable life in the future and simplification of subsequent cosmetic repairs.
Because pre-finishingapartments are sold once, each stage should be approached with all responsibility, regardless of what changes will be made in the future.
Pre-finishing is the basis for the ideas of a home improvement designer: coating, decorating, installing appliances.
It is more convenient to make repairs using the principle of zoning. First of all, you should pay attention to those places where you can make repairs on your own. The first part of any stage is the cleaning of construction debris. They proceed to it from the bottom up - from the floor screed to the ceiling.
Floor and ceiling
At this stage, these surfaces do not take too much effort, especially for a fairly flat floor. For its lining, a variety of materials are used: linoleum, tile, cork, laminate, parquet, and so on. The list of options is so large that it could take more than a day to discuss them.
If the repair of an apartment with a pre-finishing finish involves painting / whitewashing the ceiling, at this stage it is required to prepare its surface. For this, plastering and puttying is performed. You should be aware that in rooms with high humidity (for example, a bathroom), the ceiling should be treated with special compounds that do not absorb moisture.
Plaster
Plastering is suitable not only for wall work, but also for decorating the ceiling. If you decide to use plaster for repairs, it is important to remember that it has an expiration date -you need to check it before buying. It is better to choose a Russian manufacturer - the quality of the products is no worse, while the prices are much lower. During rough work, coarse-grained plaster is used, but finer grinding is useful now.
In order to apply a layer of plaster as evenly as possible, it is required to install beacons with self-tapping screws, which will act as guides for the level. The surface is leveled with special mixtures or coarse putty.
In order for the shrinkage of the house not to affect the condition of the plaster, it is required to make it as elastic as possible. To do this, use a reinforced plaster mesh with a cell of 22 cm. Apply it to a carefully primed coating.
Plaster needs to be allowed to dry. This may take up to a week before the next phase of repair can begin.
Today, gypsum plaster is very popular, having high plasticity, which, moreover, does not harm he alth. If the walls of the house are brick, finishing work requires a special approach:
- priming the walls;
- putting beacons;
- applying a layer of plaster;
- after drying, cover with a primer;
- filling with reinforced mesh overlay;
- after the layer of putty dries, apply it twice more in turn.
The last layer should be fine-grained plaster.
If the plaster is applied in areas of high heat, a heat-insulating layer is required. Where it will be wet - waterproofing.
After final dryingall layers need to check the quality. To do this, you need to measure and tap the wall. If there are no bundles and cavities between the layers, then the sound will be sonorous.
Putty
This material eliminates various irregularities. The same can be done with textured wall decoration - multi-level wallpaper, decorative plaster and so on.
If textured wallpaper is to be used, puttying must be carried out in two layers. If the walls are to be painted, putty is applied in 3-4 layers. The most popular mixtures today are made in Finland. Chalk-based mixtures are most in demand. In this way, maximum comfort during work will be achieved.
Drywall
Pre-finishing, the photo of which can be seen in the article, may include plasterboard wall cladding. This is a very simple, clean and fast way. The disadvantage of this material is the high price.
Most often, a frame made in advance is used to mount drywall. Before applying, you should align the sheets of material by pressing them at the joints. When installing, place the plates in a checkerboard pattern.
Wiring
Finishing pre-finishing - this is the installation of wiring, and the heating system. At this stage, it is recommended to involve a specialist in the process, if you are not one. This is important, for example, in order to comply with the provisions of the Housing Code. As a result, you can not only avoid fines, but also bemaking sure you don't have to do anything. No matter how important savings in repairs are, at this stage you should forget about it - the wiring and heating system must be of high quality and properly installed.
Doors
A house handed over in a rough finish very often does not have doors between rooms. After completing all the stages of pre-finishing, they should be installed. The most obvious option is durable doors with high soundproofing qualities. Creative natures mainly choose those that will be combined with the future interior.
Windows
Photos of the pre-finishing of the apartments prove that they are available to the owners already with windows. Modern builders immediately install plastic frames, but if their quality or design does not suit you, you can install those that are ideal for your needs and the rest of the home decoration.
Acceptance of apartments with prefinishing
Today's buyers are becoming more demanding, so more and more often they refuse to take housing with a rough finish. Therefore, when signing the act of acceptance, you should make sure that the contents of the apartment correspond to those stated in the contract. To have a valid reason to sign a document, it is important to know what to look for when inspecting an apartment.
Pre-finishing, repaired by professionals, includes covering surfaces with plaster. The following violations are allowed here:
- vertical irregularities 21mm;
- smoothlydelineated surfaces may have no more than 2 small defects per four square meters;
- a good pre-finish finish is a finish that should be free of cracks, chips, delaminations, tool marks.
Concrete screed must be without significant defects. Maximum tolerances:
- roughness not exceeding 2mm depth/height;
- the floor under the tiles should not have defects more than 6 mm high;
- floor slope should not exceed 2%, and whatever the area, it should not be more than 5cm;
- The junction of the floor and walls should be soundproofed.
Pre-finishing finish is a high-quality adhesion of plaster to the coating. You can check it by tapping: a dull sound indicates delamination - this must be included in the acceptance certificate.
Window installation, done correctly, involves the following indicators:
- points of contact between the window and the outer side of the wall must be carefully shed with mounting foam, which is fixed with a waterproof coating;
- doors and frames open effortlessly, close tight when closed;
- frames, glass, window sill has no defects;
- double-glazed windows have high-quality fittings;
- windowsills within the same room are installed at the same level, without interfering with the exit of warm air from the heating system.
If a poor-quality pre-finishing is found, it’s too early to think where to start repairing. To get started, you needfix all these shortcomings on a special form attached to the acceptance certificate. The developer is obliged to eliminate the marriage within 45 days. If the defects are too serious, you can refuse the purchase. In this case, he is obliged to return all the money within 1.5 months.
To avoid problems resulting from poor-quality finishing of premises, it is necessary to approach the choice of the developer with special care. You can contact the owners of apartments that have already been handed over, who will tell you what condition their premises were in at the time of delivery. Be that as it may, the main thing is to carefully inspect the apartment.
