Growing grapes is becoming increasingly popular. The variety of varieties boggles the imagination of even the most fastidious lover.
Special attention should be paid to table grape Gourmet.
The variety is a selection of a hybrid form of early ripening obtained by V. N. Krainov. Created Gourmet by crossing two varieties. Differs in excellent tastes and attractive commodity appearance.
Description of Gourmet grapes will help create a complete picture of the variety. It is great for growing in the field. Even inexperienced gardeners can do it.
Description
The description of Gourmet grapes includes the main characteristics of the vine and the berries themselves.
The main characteristic of grapes is the ripening time. Reaches maturity on the 110-125th day of maturation. Grape variety Gourmet allows you to pick berries in the first decade of August.
Berries are quite large, uniform, on average up to 10 grams. They have a bright pink color with lilac notes. The shape of the berries is round, slightly oblong.
Vine vinesreach an average height of 4 meters. Clusters are large, loose or medium density, cylindrical shape. The average weight of a bunch is 600 grams.
The yield is quite high and stable, from one bush at least 6 kg.
Gourmet Varieties
There are several types of grapes in the selection of the Gurman variety:
- Gourmet is also an early variety. Ripening occurs on the 105-120th day. The berries are round, large, light red. The taste is pleasant, muscat. Considered a high yielding variety. Damage resistance is average. Frost can withstand up to 26 degrees. Suitable for growing in the middle lane.
- Raduzhny is a representative of the mid-season class. Ripening of berries occurs on the 120-135th day. Red oval berries. The variety is resistant to damage. More suitable for growing in warm climates.
- Graceful - one of the latest Gourmet varieties. The variety is early ripe, tall. The ripening period lasts up to 115 days. The berries are light pink in color, oval in shape. Tastes good, very sweet. The clusters are cone-shaped, large. The variety is resistant to various diseases. Frost resistance varies within 23 degrees.
Everyone can choose the perfect Gourmet grape variety for themselves by studying its photo and description.
Care
Vine flowering begins in early June. All types of Gourmet grapes have female flowers, so they need to be pollinated.
Vineyards require attention. It is necessary to apply various fertilizers several times a year. Pruning branches in time and correctly.
Preparation for wintering plays an important role.
Features of cultivation
Vine cuttings are planted at a distance of 3 meters.
Gourmet grapes are recommended for growing in greenhouses in the northern regions.
Many are fond of growing grapes. But not everyone has positive results. Of course, in the southern regions it is much easier to grow grapes. And yet, residents of cool regions should not despair. You just need to put more effort into caring for the plant.
The basic rules for successful cultivation are presented in the article with a description and photo of Gourmet grapes.
- The right choice of landing site. The place of residence of the grapes should be sunny. Drafts are not allowed. The presence of walls and fences is welcome only if they do not cover the sun. The grapes must be protected from the wind. Do not plant this crop next to trees. Tree crowns will shade the vine. Groundwater should be away from the roots of the bush.
- Grapes love warmth, so you need to create a favorable temperature regime in every possible way. During the ripening period, the optimum temperature is an average of 30 degrees. You can cover the plant with special material in cool weather. Water bottles are also placed around the perimeter. During the day, the water heats up and gives off heat later.
- Sufficient lighting. Highlyimportant point. The distance between seedlings should be at least a meter, and preferably two. The location of the bushes should be from north to south.
- Irrigation has a special place in the care of vineyards. The plant is sensitive not only to excess moisture, but also to drought. The most crucial moment falls on the first year of maturation. In the summer, grapes need up to 50 liters of water per 1 sq. m. The first year a bush needs 10 liters, the next year 20 liters. After watering intensity is reduced to 6-8 liters.
- Proper cropping. For beginners, it is important to understand the principle of trimming Gourmet grapes. A photo of the variety can be seen in the article. Pruning should be done in the fall. Leave 3 shoots formed for the current year. Up to 8 buds are left on two shoots. On the third, there are 3 buds, from which shoots will form next year. And the old ones will be deleted. The procedure is repeated year after year.
- Tie up the vine in a vertical and horizontal way at an angle of 45 degrees. There are opinions that a horizontal garter promises a bountiful harvest.
- Regular preventive measures are the key to the preservation of the vineyard. Particular attention should be shown during the period of temperature below 15 degrees. On sale a large selection of ready-made solutions. You can also get by with folk methods, without the use of chemicals.
- You should not get too carried away with top dressing. It is held in the spring after the opening of the bush, two weeks before flowering and during the ripening of berries.
Following all the rules of caring forgrapes, you can achieve excellent results and reap an impressive harvest.
Pruning and propagation
Pruning should be done in the fall. It is recommended to leave no more than 35 eyes on the bush. In shoot ratio up to 24.
Propagation of grapes can be done independently. There are many ways. One of the simplest is reproduction by layering in the summer.
The mother bush should be he althy. At a distance of 20 cm, a hole is dug about 50 cm deep. The earth needs to be loosened, peat or humus should be added. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting and dig in. Pour abundantly with water. According to weather conditions, regularly moisten the soil.
Over time, the stepchildren formed on the cutting are removed in order to form a bush.
Diseases and pests
The variety is quite resistant to diseases and pests. Particularly high resistance to mildew and gray mold. Medium resistance to oidium. Occasionally damaged by anthracnose.
Oidium is very rare in an adult bush. Young, immature bushes are most susceptible to this disease. The manifestation of this disease is characterized by the presence of a gray coating on the leaves and berries of the plant. As a result, further rotting of berries and drying of foliage occurs.
Preventive measures must be taken to avoid diseases:
- use of foliar phosphate and potash fertilizers;
- occasional usebiologics;
- fortification with iron, zinc and manganese after flowering.
Anthracnose is typical for the southern regions. It occurs as a result of improper care, especially with regard to pruning the vine. The lesion covers the whole plant: branches, trunk and berries. If the treatment is not carried out in time, the grapes will die. It is possible to avoid such problems. You need to learn how to properly carry out autumn pruning and process the vine with a solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Also, various pests can also cause damage to plants. In particular, they include spider mites, birds and various insects.
Preparing for winter season
Gourmet grapes tolerate frosts up to 23-24 degrees. In cooler areas, the bush needs quality cover.
Do not cover grapes immediately after pruning. Frosts up to 5 degrees are not terrible for the vineyard. The bushes are hardening.
If the temperature in the region does not fall below 16 degrees, the grapes can not be covered at all.
Before sheltering, the vine must be bent to the ground and fixed with trellises. A dry litter is applied under the vine. After that, an air space is created using arcs or other material. With the advent of frost, the structure is covered with a tarpaulin.
Taste
The taste of berries is soft, harmonious and sweet. Muscat notes are felt. The skin is not rough, thin, not felt when eating. A big plus is the lack of seeds in the berries.
Reviews of Gourmet grapes are extremely positive. Gardeners primarily note high yieldsvariety and taste of berries. Also, amateurs appreciated the resistance to diseases and frosts.
Storage of grapes
Timely cut brushes can be stored in a cool room until spring.
Clusters are picked slightly underripe and in cloudy weather.
It is important to ensure the required humidity of at least 80% and the absence of light.
