Many types of roses and their varieties grow in nature. They differ in growing conditions, flowering periods, shape, color of flowers and other characteristics. This article discusses spray roses: varieties, names, care for them.
General information about the flower
The appearance of roses on Earth dates back to ancient times. Man learned about them 40 million years ago. These plants are from the rosehip genus, which unites 250 plant species and 200 thousand of their varieties. Currently, roses have been bred, the flowers of which differ in different structure, smell, petal shape, color and other characteristics. These amazing flowers are popular among gardeners, designers and just beauty lovers. One of the species are spray roses. They are easy to care for, because, apart from watering and timely pruning, they do not need anything.
Characteristic
The height of rose bushes of different varieties is different. Some grow very low, about 35 cm, while others grow up to 95. Flowers can be miniature or reach 20 cm in diameter. The number of petals on them is also different: some varieties have only a few pieces, while others haveover a hundred. Some bushes are strewn with lush, double flowers, while others are graceful, goblet-shaped.
Breeders were able to breed roses of this species with various aromas: light, delicate and sharp, spicy and citrus. All varieties of spray roses (photos are presented for viewing in the article) have the following similar characteristics:
- The flowering period is long: it starts in late spring and ends in late autumn.
- The leaves are the same shape.
- Caring for roses of different varieties is the same.
- The bush has main and annual shoots.
- All varieties of spray roses (see photo above) have good immunity, so temperature changes are easily tolerated.
- The prevailing number of roses have a very pleasant smell.
- Can be grown at home, especially varieties with miniature parameters.
English roses
These flowers have a fragrance that is special and delicious. For their breeding, Bourbon, hybrid tea and other plants of this species were crossed. The result of breeding work was the production of different varieties of spray roses, the name of which is different, but versatility remains unchanged. The fact is that the shape of the bush can change if the plant needs to adapt to new growing conditions.
For a period limited to several seasons, the bushes look like climbing, sparse and prostrate forms. Plants during the summer can luxuriantlybloom twice. English spray roses with the name and photo are presented below:
- Abraham Derby - this variety has a classic bud shape. The main tone of the gradient petals is copper-apricot, the tint is pink. Bushes are distinguished by high growth strength, resistant to diseases. Due to the severity of the buds, the shoots are prone to lodging.
- Benjamin Britten - This rose reaches a height of one meter. The buds are cup-shaped. Petals are painted in a rich red-orange color. This variety is unpretentious to growing conditions. It has good immunity, due to which it is rarely affected by fungal infections. The bush always has a great shape, only heavy rain can ruin it.
French roses
These flowers are the most ancient. The beginning of their cultivation dates back to the Middle Ages. They are compact bushes, the shoots of which, with numerous thorns, are directed upwards. Roses bloom no more than a month. Depending on the variety, the petals are double and semi-double, and their color is purple or carmine red. Flowers have a delicate aroma, endurance and vitality. Some names of spray roses of this species are presented below:
- Rosa Galica is the oldest representative of French roses. These flowers are wild. Their aroma is very pronounced. It was this feature that made it possible to appreciate the flower in the Middle Ages. A bush with semi-double buds reaches a height of one and a half meters. Rose petals are carmine red. Withwhen autumn comes, they bear fruit.
- Cardinal de Richelieu is the most popular variety. Its deep purple color made it famous. This rose is very old, its existence was known in 1747. It has a unique ability to change the color of the petals. When the buds open they are dark red, but with age they become deep purple. The reverse side of the petals is pink. The flowers are medium in size, their diameter reaches seven centimeters. All French roses bloom for one month. This period is in the middle of summer. This variety is no exception. The bush is compact, its height is not more than one meter. There are almost no thorns, if they occur, it is extremely rare. These flowers smell good. In terms of cultivation - universal. They grow in garden beds, in pots, and are used to make hedges.
Hybrid Tea Roses
These plants have a low bush, only 65 cm. Flowers with a diameter of 10 cm are solitary, but can also form inflorescences. The plant blooms for a long time, in two stages, the break between which lasts two weeks for early roses and a month for later ones. Flowering stops late in autumn. Bushes of such roses are a wonderful decoration for a home flower bed. Some varieties of this species:
- Flamingo - roses are named after one of the representatives of the animal world. Like the bird itself, the petals are delicate, painted pink. Their edges fade in the sun and acquire a silver tint. The flowers have a goblet shape, their diameter reaches 9-11 cm. Budconsists of 25 petals with a faint aroma. Shoots are long, single flowers are located on them. The bush has an average height of about one meter. This rose has a long flowering period that begins in late June and ends before the autumn frosts.
- Big Purple - This beautiful rose has an unforgettable purple color. Oval buds when blooming acquire terry shapes. Each flower has 35 petals. The rose blooms for a long time, alternately. This is achieved by the gradual formation of new buds to replace faded ones. Large flowers, reaching a diameter of 15 cm, are very fragrant. The rose has an interesting feature: it changes its color depending on climatic conditions. If the weather is warm, it is crimson, with the onset of cold weather - purple. The bushes are quite large: they reach a height of 120 cm, a width of 75. They are rarely damaged by diseases, do not freeze during wintering, but do not tolerate rain.
Floribunda
This species has a medium-sized flower similar to a tea rose, the petals of which, depending on the variety, are smooth and double. The flowers form small rosettes. The bushes are low, reaching a height of 50-100 cm. It is not difficult to care for such roses with a long flowering period, so gardeners often grow them. These spray roses can be grown as standard trees. Names of some varieties:
- Lily Marlene - This rose is the most popular among all representatives of this species due to the deep, bloodyred color and neatness of the bush. Several decades have passed since this variety appeared in culture, but even today there is no analogue to it. One brush simultaneously forms 3-15 flowers with a diameter of 8 cm. The bush is compact, low - 50 cm, has many leaves. Flowering continues all summer. The variety is disease resistant, but powdery mildew is a problem, so preventive measures are needed.
- Niccolò Paganini - numerous rose petals can hold their shape perfectly, they are painted in a velvety red tone. Each brush forms 12 buds with a well-defined aroma. The bush has an average height of 80 cm. For good growth and bud formation, the plant needs nutrients, so it needs to be planted in fertile soil.
How to care for a spray rose?
The most important procedure in caring for flowers is pruning. It starts before boarding. It is carried out as follows:
- On seedlings, unblown seed-sized buds are first removed and shoots that have grown strongly are pinched.
- After 12 months and in subsequent years with the onset of spring, sprouts that have weakened over the winter or received damage of a different nature are cut from crossing stems with dark bark.
- In the center of the bush, branches with great growth strength are selected and cut out. This is necessary in order for young shoots to appear quickly in large numbers.
- If the kidneys are frozen during the winter, they are removed.
- Throughout the summer, the bushes constantly look through and, if necessary, get rid of wilted flowers, fallen leaves,dried and diseased shoots.
- Watch the shape of the crown. If the branches "stick out" from under the general outline, they are cut.
Caring for rose bushes includes watering. But it is important to know that the soil under the flowers should be moderately moistened, not flooded and not allowed to dry out. Throughout the season, fertilizers must be applied twice, which contain phosphorus and potassium. In preparation for winter, the bushes do not need to be covered, it is enough to spud them.
How to grow roses at home?
There is hardly a florist who refuses to have this flower in his collection. But a decorative rose needs to create certain conditions in which it will grow comfortably:
- This flower needs space.
- The temperature and humidity regime should be observed in the room.
- Depending on the season, change the frequency of watering.
- It is important to constantly monitor the condition of the flower.
In order for spray roses to retain their decorative effect at home, you need to consider the following points:
- In order for the rose to develop properly, the buds are pruned before it blooms. The cut is pinched at the location of the developing kidney. If two shoots appear, the procedure must be repeated. Young shoots will grow again, but this time they must be left, after a while they will bloom.
- A purchased rose brought into the house grows quickly and soon begins to bloom. At the same time, her appearance loses its accuracy. Therefore, the bush immediately needs to be cut.
- Regarding transplantation: if you want to identify the purchased flower in your pot, you need to wait for it to adapt to the conditions of your apartment. To do this, the rose should be placed on a window located in a southeast direction and watered periodically.
- When the rose gets used to the microclimate of the room, it is transplanted into self-prepared soil: turf, humus, sand and clean earth are mixed.
- The pre-watered bush is taken out of the pot along with a clod of earth and placed in a new container, completely filling the root neck and compacting the soil.
- After planting, the rose is watered and placed in a shaded place for a day, after which it is determined to the place where it will grow constantly. A month later, top dressing is used in the form of a solution of mineral additives. They water the flower once every two weeks.
Home rose care
If done right, the flower will grow well and smell good. To do this, it is important not to miss the following points:
- In summer, the rose must be taken out to the balcony, otherwise it will not bloom in stuffiness. It is important that the plant is in moist soil, but not overheated.
- Rose needs a lot of light, but direct sunlight is detrimental to him.
- Wilted buds must be disposed of.
- In autumn, reduce the frequency of watering and rearrange the flower to the south window in the apartment.
- At the end of the flowering period, the rose is transplanted into a large pot.
- Before the onset of winter, you need to cut all the branches onlevel of the fifth kidney.
Use
Rose bushes are grown to decorate the area. If you plant varieties with different flowering periods and contrasting coloring of the buds, you can dream up and come up with a composition of shrubs that will surprise you all summer with a palette of colors and an aroma incomparable to anything. For sprawling bushes, rosaries, triangular, square or rectangular rose gardens are suitable. Here they are planted as single plants. Roses are unpretentious, do not require special care, but the simplest procedures still need to be carried out to ensure their comfortable growth and lush flowering.
