The human body needs a regular intake of sufficient fluid. This allows all systems and organs to work properly. Unfortunately, not everyone monitors the quality of the water they consume. But in most cases, it is completely unsuitable for this purpose. Sorption filters will help neutralize harmful microorganisms, remove unpleasant odors and optimize the structure of water. Let us consider in more detail how such devices are arranged and their mechanism of action.
Water treatment
Everyone knows that 80% of a person consists of water. Therefore, it is extremely important to regularly consume enough fluids in order for the body to work properly. The quality of tap water leaves much to be desired, which means that it is extremely dangerous to use it without additional purification.
Primary cleaning takes place in special facilities where the liquidsubjected to multi-stage filtration. Chlorine is used to kill pathogens. However, this substance is not particularly useful for the human body either, because it causes disruption of the digestive tract, dries the skin, and hits the immune system. And even after the water travels from the treatment plant through old and far from always sealed pipes, it can hardly be called drinking water. How to make water suitable for drinking? Additional filtering can help with this.
How to purify water safely?
Today, there are a huge number of ways to purify water. Mechanical filters are placed directly at the inlet to the water supply and retain rust fragments, metal particles, grains of sand. For domestic needs, such water can already be used, but it is not yet suitable for drinking, because meshes and discs in pipes are absolutely not terrible for bacteria. A sorption filter will help make the water in the tap suitable for drinking. It is considered the most environmentally friendly and fairly easy to maintain.
A filter with a sorbent can be installed in an apartment, house, cottage, country house. A similar device is used to remove various organic pollutants in closed-type water supply systems (these are usually used in production). The design of the device may have a different configuration depending on the application.
What is adsorption?
Adsorption is usually called the process in whichabsorption of harmful substances by the active ingredient. Most often, porous coal acts as such an absorber. Special liquids are used to adsorb vapor and gas.
Types of filters for sorption purification
Sorption filters for water purification, which can currently be found on sale, differ in the way they are controlled, the number of filter layers and the type of pressure. Non-pressure systems are used in everyday life, and automatic (pressure) filters are suitable for industrial needs. In the first case, the filter can be in the form of a jug, a tap attachment, an individual portable water purifier, stationary and desktop installation.
When cleaning a liquid with activated carbon, remember that water containing colloidal particles and dissolved suspensions screens the pores of the absorbent and thus spoils it.
Depressurized filter
"Home" sorption filters are made from food materials. Most often, polypropylene is used for this. In the form of a jug (or tank), the device is divided into two parts: the first contains the crude liquid, the lower contains water passed through the filter. The sorbent in such devices has the form of granules.
Household sorption filter has many advantages:
- the unit is able to get rid of various kinds of pollutants (chlorine, pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, oil products);
- after cleaning, the water becomes soft and pleasant ontaste;
- unpleasant odors disappear;
- tap water quality is greatly improved;
- the device is suitable for purifying water from wells.
Sorption filter for wastewater treatment
In various industries, special attention is paid to wastewater treatment from organic compounds and other harmful substances. This is due to the fact that the plants supply water in a closed cycle. The sorption method of purification will be effective only if the wastewater contains aromatic compounds, chlorine, and weak electrolytes. If monohydric alcohols and inorganic compounds are present in the liquid, then it is better to refuse to use a sorption pressure filter.
Mechanism of action of the sorption filter
The drawing of the device will help you better understand how the process of water purification takes place. First of all, you should pay attention to the type of the filter itself. Such a device has the form of a cylinder, which is in a vertical position. Distribution nodes and installations are located in the lower and upper parts, allowing you to take water samples.
The main material from which the cylinder is made is sheet steel. The bottom and mounting racks are welded to the device itself. It is necessary to install a sorption filter that will purify wastewater only on the foundation due to the heavy weight of the structure. The sorbent is loaded into the device through a fitting located at the top.
How is cleaning done?
In sorption purification devices used in industry, wastewater filtration occurs in several stages. First of all, the liquid undergoes mechanical filtration, where it is cleaned of metal inclusions and sand. After that, the water enters the sump. This is where oil contaminants are removed. The last stage is to remove fine particles in the activated carbon compartment.
The brand of the filter is selected depending on installation requirements and production needs. The Pentair ECT-2 filter has good technical characteristics. It works in the temperature range from +2 to +40 °C. In one hour, the device is able to purify up to 1400 liters of water. Excellent backwash performance and speeds up to 4000 l/h.
Equipment maintenance
During operation, the adsorbent component accumulates a huge amount of contaminants. Timely washing of sorption filters will help to get rid of organic and inorganic sediments. To do this, it is necessary to run water into the device, pass it through the filter, reverse (from bottom to top), and then forward (from top to bottom) flushing. Dirty water is then discharged into the sewer.
The frequency of washing the sorption filters depends on the operating mode and load level of the cleaning device. The duration of the process itself ranges from 30-60 minutes.
