Garlic is considered a popular vegetable plant among many peoples of the world. Its fame is due to its sharp aroma and peculiar taste. This culture is indispensable in cooking, so amateur gardeners constantly plant and cultivate it in their beds. Due to its strong antiseptic action, the plant is also widely used in medicine. As a rule, garlic is planted with seeds and cloves.
Crop Types
In nature, there are two forms of such a vegetable, among them are spring (non-shooting) and winter (shooting and non-shooting). Varieties that do not give an arrow can only be bred with cloves, and those that shoot at the beginning of summer throw out a flower-bearing ovary from the middle of the bulb, in which a one-time formation of bulbs (sometimes even up to 50 pieces) and flowers takes place. Such formations are similar to onion teeth.
When to plant garlic seeds
This plant differs from other crops in that it can be planted both in autumn and in spring. In the first version, it is called winter, and in the second - spring. In cold countries, vegetables are mostlyplanted in autumn, and in hot weather - in spring. In the first case, the teeth are deepened into the soil already slightly germinated. Spring planting should be done as soon as possible. Ideally, the soil should not yet dry after the snow melts. Only in this case, you can get quite large heads.
Growing a vegetable from cloves
This method is the most famous. And how to grow garlic from seeds? To do this, first of all, you should choose the right location. The best under culture are the beds after legumes, cucumbers and cabbage, the worst - after potatoes and onions. Planting a garlic plant in the same place is advised only after 3-4 years.
Before planting in the ground, you will need to make top dressing (rotted manure or compost). You need to do this in the fall. Then you need to prepare the bulbs, review them well, remove the spoiled ones and separate them. This is done just before landing. A vegetable is planted about a month before persistent cold weather. This should be done so that the culture has time to take root, but does not give growth.
How to plant plants
In order for the planting of garlic seeds to be successful in the future, it is required to prepare the beds in a week. This is done so that the soil does not have time to sink (in damp soil, the teeth will settle very deeply). The interval between the teeth should be at least 8-10 cm, the space between the lines - 40-50 cm. After planting, it is ideal to cover the ground with sawdust or peat, so the vegetable will survive the frost better. However, if the winter is warm and not veryharsh, you can do without powder.
Spring planting of a plant does not differ much from winter planting: only its approximate depth is 5 cm, and the distance between rows is 25-30 cm.
Care
Growing garlic from seeds occurs without plentiful, especially daily watering. Its frequency is 1 time in 6-7 days. The first watering along with fertilizer is carried out at the end of April or with the onset of May. The second top dressing is done in June, and 2-3 weeks before harvest, top dressing must be completed.
When arrows form on a vegetable (some of them can be saved for seeds), they must be removed. And this should be done carefully so as not to spoil the vegetable. Do not forget about timely weeding, because garlic, like any plant, loves freedom. Therefore, there should be no weeds on the ridges.
How to grow a crop from seeds
Growing garlic with seeds (bulbs) is considered one of the best ways to get high-quality seed raw materials, free from various vegetable diseases. Some even specially cultivate bulbs in order to have one large clove. To grow them, you can resort to one of two methods: plant in spring or winter. By and large, the effect will be the same, except that the winter bulbs will be slightly larger.
How to prepare for landing
First of all, you need to understand how best to get the expected bulbs. First you need to shorten the arrows of the winterplants, as long as they are well-ripened. The vegetable itself sprouts in March, and the numerous formation of arrows occurs by the end of May.
It is best to cut the arrows with the advent of June, as this is the ideal period for the seeds of winter garlic to grow freely, and the culture itself to be larger in size. To obtain high-quality bulbs, the arrows should be cut off somewhere at the end of June, after the 20th. By this period, the film under which the air bulbs form will dry out and crack - this is the sign for removing the stems. At the end, you need to dry them thoroughly in the shade. Bulbs can be stored for 2 years without losing their qualities.
How to plant garlic with arrow seeds
Before the onset of sowing, air bulbs must be removed from the inflorescence, choosing the largest ones. Sowing should be done from September 7 to October 15. In July next year, a large-sized single-prong is formed from all the bulbs, which will be an excellent seedling for planting a crop before winter, so that large bulbs can be grown.
First, you should create beds for growing vegetables from bulbils about 12-15 cm in height and up to 90 cm in width. The soil is prepared in this order:
- per 1 sq. m add 3-4 kg of humus or compost and 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate;
- dig everything up and level the ground on the ridges;
- then opposite the beds make paths to a depth of 3-4 cm;
- intervals between recesses should be 10 cm;
- bulbs must be placed in the groove at a distance of 1-2 cm from one another;
- then you need to cover the paths with soil and leave for the whole winter.
If a harsh winter is ahead, you can mulch the beds with sawdust in a layer of 2-3 cm. With the advent of spring, when the ground thaws, the sawdust should be removed. Now, for sure, many have already understood when to plant garlic with seeds.
Care
In order for the plant not to freeze and rot, enough snow must be present on the ridges in winter. If the winter turned out to be snowy, you will need to shovel the snow with a shovel into the vegetable garden. Then in the spring, as soon as the snow thaws, the seedlings of the crop will immediately appear.
If there is practically no rain in the spring, the garlic needs to be watered. A young plant also needs fertilizers, after which it is imperative to loosen. The first time you should feed the vegetable with nitrophoska (15 g per 1 sq. M.) in mid-April, the second fertilizer - ammophoska (the dosage is the same) is applied in June, at the onion development stage.
Crop watering is required 3 weeks before harvest. In June, it will be necessary to cut off arrows from the plant that reduce yields. This must be done when its height reaches 5-8 cm. The arrows should not be pulled out, but carefully broken out under the third leaf so as not to damage the seeds of winter garlic.
Taking into account the excellent bactericidal properties of the vegetable, it can be planted next to other plants to prevent their diseases.
Harvesting
Dig up bulbsneeded after ¾ of the inner leaves have withered. Winter crop, as a rule, ripens by the end of July. Dig up the vegetable after the main section of the lower leaves turns yellow. In advance, to check, it is necessary to remove 2-3 heads of garlic from the soil. Bulbs should be sufficiently developed and firm. Harvesting is carried out with a pitchfork, prying a lump of soil with a plant and pulling it out with a hand.
Dug up vegetables are required for several hours to put along the length of the beds for drying. It is not worth cutting the leaves right away so that you can plant garlic seeds next year. Arrows present should be cut off. And the leaves themselves are shortened after drying.
The roots of a crop intended for use as food are removed. Experienced gardeners believe that it is more correct to underexpose the plant in the ground than to overexpose it. It’s just that unripe bulbs can absolutely ripen even after uprooting, while overripe ones fall apart into teeth and remain much worse.
Principles of growing a vegetable
When to plant garlic seeds, it has now become clear to many. However, you need to figure out exactly how to grow a crop so that it gives a generous harvest. There are some useful tips for this:
1. First of all, cultivate good bulbs. For these purposes, arrows are left on some plants grown from the largest cloves. The remaining stems should be broken off without fail to increase the volume of garlic heads. The left arrows are initially twisted into a spiral. They will unbend individually, and the final straightening will signal the readiness of the harvest.
Collecting refers to heads of vegetables and bulbs. When harvesting, the integrity of the crop is preserved. The shoot is pulled into a bundle and hung in the attic to dry for 3-4 weeks. Plastic substances from the leaves and shoots enter the bulbs and bulbs, expanding their volume. After drying, the head of the bulb must be divided so that the cover is not damaged. If it is broken, it will no longer be possible to plant garlic with seeds later.
2. Correct seating of bulbs. Planting them is allowed both in autumn and in spring. If the plans include planting in the spring season, the beds need to be prepared from the fall, since it will be very difficult to dig them up in April.
When planting bulbs in the autumn, there is a chance that some of the grains will freeze, others may find themselves on the surface. Such seeds are squeezed out by frost. In the spring, they must be buried back into the soil. During the spring sowing period, a common problem will be the drying out of some places of the bulbs, and it will not be easy to plant garlic with seeds in the future. After all, it will be very important how the bulbs were preserved in winter.
Before sowing, they are sorted into grains and kept at a temperature of no more than +5 degrees for 1-1.5 months. A refrigerator will work for this as well. Otherwise, the vegetables will turn green and continue to form until the end of autumn.
3. Harvest early. Garlic is dug up when its leaves begin to turn yellow. This happens somewhere in the middle of August. The vegetable itself is dried onfor 3-4 days under the sun, protecting from dew. Then the plant is connected in bunches, drying in the attic. Single prongs will be a wonderful planting material for the fall and will give a harvest in the form of large heads.
Thus, you can safely start planting this he althy vegetable. After all, now everyone already knows when to sow garlic seeds.
