While all the appliances in the house operate without interruption, few people are interested in the principle of operation. By understanding how the refrigerator works, you can avoid serious breakdowns or understand the essence of the failure. In addition, such knowledge helps to correctly operate the installation. How does a household refrigerator work and what is the principle of its operation? Consider in our today's article.
Fridge Compressor
Basically, all refrigerators have a compressor, it is responsible for cooling.
Masters say that in any device there are basic components:
- The motor is essentially the compressor. When this component works, freon begins to move through special tubes. It causes a cooling effect. This is a special liquid composition. You can hear that there is a leak of this substance, after which the device fails. It really is. It just stops getting cold.
- Condenser - in the form of a tube,located on the side or behind. This is a necessary element so that the heat from the condenser does not allow it to overheat. Through it, heat escapes into the environment. Therefore, the instructions often say that refrigerators should not be installed near heaters and batteries.
- Evaporator. It is necessary in order to convert the main refrigerant into a gaseous state. The process requires sufficient heat, which is also taken from the tube.
- To move the refrigerant at the desired pressure, there is a valve. It is responsible for thermoregulation.
- Freon or isobutane. These are the main gases that are responsible for cooling the necessary sections of the refrigerator. He is constantly on the move throughout the vehicle system.
Additional items
In addition, there are additional elements in the device system - filters, tubes, etc. This is exactly the principle of operation of the refrigerator. It doesn't happen otherwise. It is important to understand here that the cold is not produced by itself. This happens because heat is given off. Under the influence of pressure, everything begins to move. Basically, all manufacturers use the same system of operation of refrigerators.
How does a refrigerator work? To set the desired mode, there is a thermostat. But nothing stands still - today there are panels with electronic indicators. They just set the temperature. Freon enters the filter-drier, where it gets rid of moisture. Further on its way, the evaporator meets again. The motor drives freon until the refrigerator is settemperature. When this is reached, the impulse passes and the motor stops. This is how a refrigerator works. It turns out that the device is not so complicated.
Fridge with one and two chambers
You can call them almost identical, but with a more serious approach, the differences are easy to find. Two-chamber refrigerators are considered by many to be an outdated option. And if you remove the ice yourself during the defrosting process, you can break the entire device. And in the new design there are two evaporators. In this case, both chambers are completely separated from each other. Most often, manufacturers place the freezer at the bottom, and the main compartment at the top.
How does a refrigerator work? The principle of operation is almost the same. In such a unit there is a zone with a zero temperature indicator. Freon in such a device can cool in the freezing zone and rises. After the temperature reaches the desired level, the thermostat is activated. The latter gives an impulse and the motor stops. Most buyers are attracted to a refrigerator with one motor, but some choose two. The second option does not have certain difficulties in the work - the reviews say.
This is not the only way a refrigerator works. There are systems in which there is a switch. With the help of it, the supply of freon from one of the departments is turned off. How does a refrigerator work? The scheme of action is simple, but everything will depend on the system created. When special sensors are present, the work becomes moreelectoral.
How long does the compressor run?
In the instructions it is difficult to find data that corresponds to reality. It is enough for the user that there is enough cold to freeze everything in the refrigerator. There is such an indicator as the coefficient of work. It is calculated for each device individually. Measurement is based on work and rest data. When the result is less than 0.2 or more than 0.6, malfunctions occur. Worth checking the fridge.
Working fluid
The working liquid (ammonia) is poured into the absorption devices. It comes into contact with water, then several transitions and again separation into water and refrigerant. Such a refrigerator is not found in ordinary homes. The reason is simple: ammonia is considered a toxic component, and if it leaks, poisoning will occur.
How does a No Frost refrigerator work?
No Frost is a device that is in high demand. The main advantage is that defrosting is only required to create cleanliness. During operation, the ice kerzhak does not grow in the chamber, since moisture is removed from it.
Having an evaporator in the freezer compartment helps the entire refrigerator stay frozen. This is done with a fan. To ensure that everything is evenly distributed, there is a special hole through which flows exit.
As soon as the work has passed a certain time, the defrost mode is activated. The system starts the heating element - the evaporator. As a result, any ice andthe snow starts to melt. The resulting moisture evaporates and goes outside. It is customary to call this method of thawing drip. This is how a modern refrigerator works. Its devices, as you can see, are slightly different. Many began to choose this option, because no additional work is required on it.
Super Freeze
There is one more type - this is a super-freeze. Today, many manufacturers install it in their refrigerators. To start such a process, you need to start the device using a button or a special regulator (as in the photo below).
After starting, the motor begins to actively freeze until all products are completely frozen. In some situations, this is simply necessary. Most often, such a system is available in two-chamber models. But there is one caveat: this function has to be turned off after freezing.
Each refrigerator always comes with instructions. So, the manufacturer recommends using superfreeze for no more than 72 hours. There are special timers that automatically turn it off.
Sometimes you need to understand for yourself what is the cause of the breakdown. It is not so difficult if you understand the scheme of the device. Thus, electricity makes the following path:
- Passes through thermal relay.
- Defrost button.
- Thermal relay.
- Start protection relay.
- Served on the working surface of the engine.
How does a refrigerator work? When the desired temperature is reached,the contacts open and the engine stops. Many manufacturers are trying to create such devices in which the temperature is different over the entire area. This is for products that have their own storage conditions.
Conclusion
When a person has information about how a refrigerator works, it is easier for him to manage it. Sometimes, if there is a breakdown, you need to stop the device as soon as possible, otherwise the problem will resume. Armed with useful data is useful for everyone. This becomes the basis for choosing the right refrigeration equipment.
