The main purpose of the burner in any heating equipment is to prepare the mixture and burn it. There are a large number of different burners. Some are used in solid fuel boilers, others work with liquid fuel. It is about the latter that we will talk. Let's see what a diesel burner is, where it is used and what are its key features.
General information
The diesel burner is installed in heating equipment for which liquid fuel is used. In particular, we are talking about heavy oils, for example, mining or diesel. Typically, these burners are paired with floor-standing equipment for domestic and industrial use. Often this type of heating is installed where there is no gas main. This is due to the fact that diesel fuel is much more expensive than natural gas, which, in fact, limits its scope and prevalence. In general, diesel boilers are no worse.conventional gas. They have high efficiency, economy, good heat dissipation and can be fully automated. In order for the burner to work efficiently, the system must be maintained at a constant pressure. Therefore, a compressor is installed, and for it it is important to provide a stable source of energy, which is quite difficult for a number of reasons.
Diesel burner for boiler: principle of operation
Let's take a quick look at how a burner works. From the reservoir, diesel enters the burner. To ensure the supply of fuel, a special pump is used, which is equipped with a return line, which is necessary for the circulation of fuel between the pump and the tank. In this case, the burner uses as much fuel as it needs, and the remainder is returned back to the tank. But before the diesel reaches it, it must pass through the filter and the heating element. At the first stage, cleaning of mechanical elements is carried out, at the second stage, the fuel is heated to the optimum temperature.
Atomization in the combustion chamber is carried out using a nozzle. At the same time, air is blown through the burner tube. The shape of the torch is controlled by special blades that create an air vortex. Directly in front of the nozzle, electrodes are installed to ignite the mixture. This is how a diesel burner for a boiler works. The whole process is controlled by automation devices.
Briefly about the classification of burners
Currently, manufacturers offer consumers three types ofburners. All of them have design features and differ in cost. Therefore, all burners can be divided into the following groups:
- single-stage - operate in 100% power mode without the possibility of adjustment;
- two-stage - you can set the operating mode to 100 or 50%;
- modulated - there is a wide range of power adjustment, usually in the range from 10 to 100%.
The last option is the most preferable. This is due to the fact that it is possible to smoothly adjust the temperature of the coolant. But along with this, such devices are quite expensive and complex, because their repair should be carried out by professionals. However, you will no longer need to adjust the diesel burners. And this is very important.
Setting diesel burners
Often the adjustment is carried out by specialists, but if desired, adjustment work can be done by hand. If a single-stage burner is used, then the work is carried out quite quickly and simply. All manipulations boil down to the fact that the supply of air and fuel is regulated to ensure normal combustion. In this case, the mixture should be enriched. The quality of the flame is determined by eye. If the setting is done, then you can use a gas analyzer that will determine the content of CO and CO2 in the smoke. If the burner is “standing”, then first of all it is necessary to check the contacts and the performance of the nodes as a whole and each separately. But the setting of diesel burners with the ability to adjust the power(modulated) is quite difficult and requires special equipment.
How to start a new burner
If your old diesel burner has failed and cannot be repaired, a complete replacement will be required. Such work can be done by hand. To do this, it is necessary to remove the old burner and check the integrity and quality of the nozzle. If it is clogged, then it must be cleaned with compressed air or a thin metal object. Next, the preliminary position of the electrodes and the performance of the impeller are checked. The fan is checked manually. During operation, no extra noise (friction, whistling) should occur, which will signal normal operation. Don't forget to tighten the cotter pin on the impeller. The next step is to inspect the boiler furnace. A burner is mounted on the door. All work must be carried out in sequential order according to the instructions. Do not forget that the first time you start the burner with diesel fuel, you must remove the fuel hose and start it empty. Now let's move on.
Making a burner with your own hands
Typically, homemade burners are less economical than those made by professionals, so be prepared for a 5-10% increase in fuel consumption. Before taking into account, sketch out a sketch and be sure not to forget the dimensions of the firebox and blower. If a do-it-yourself single-stage diesel burner is made, then a pressurized monoblock design is first made. It is advisable to purchase a package of mounting accessorieswith housing and burner cover. When doing this, be sure to consider the compatibility of the burner with the generator.
Manufacturing a burner with a compressor is more complicated, but effective. An ordinary Chinese-made spray gun is suitable as a compressor. So the fuel will be spent economically, and the quality of the mixture will be at the proper level, and you will have the opportunity to adjust the power of the equipment. If a do-it-yourself diesel burner is made with high quality and reliability, then it will not pose any danger to others.
Diesel burner repair
If you decide to do the repair work yourself, then stock up on rags, as this is not the cleanest job. First of all, make sure that oxygen passes through the nozzle nozzle. It often happens that it becomes clogged, and the mixture is not enriched, as a result of which the quality of the torch decreases. If the injectors are clean, look at the filter. If it needs to be replaced, do so. In addition, if used oil is used, it is quite possible that the channel is contaminated. It must be blown out with compressed air, after draining the fuel from the hose. In principle, the repair of diesel burners is limited to this. Sometimes it makes sense to check the condition of the electrodes. If mechanical damage or wear is noticed, then it is better to change the part or assembly.
A few important details
Many experts advise paying attention to burners when buying them. ATIn particular, their power is important, which must exceed the combustion power of the boiler. In addition, it makes sense to pay attention to the type of adjustment. For domestic use, one- and two-stage burners are sufficient. But for a small boiler room, modulated options are better. Some burners cannot operate on more than one type of fuel. That is why when buying it is advisable to take care of the backup fuel. Therefore, the burner must work equally well on diesel and waste oil. For example, a Lamborghini diesel burner, which is famous not only for its high reliability, but also for the possibility of using a wide variety of fuels, would be a good choice.
Conclusion
So we talked with you about the features of diesel burners. As you can see, if necessary, they can be made by hand. If necessary, you will always find a wide range of equipment of interest to you on sale. The diesel burner "Lamborghini" of the ECO series allows not only to efficiently heat the room, but also to take care of the environment. In general, diesel heating can only be considered expedient if you have access to used oil. That is why such equipment is often installed in machine-building and other enterprises.
