Cucumber is a useful and indispensable vegetable in the human diet. To date, the number of varieties and hybrids is huge. The most important thing is to choose one that is suitable for growing in your area. What varieties of cucumbers are better to plant, read the article.
Features of cultivation
Cucumbers are the most sought after vegetables on our table. But this culture is demanding on growing conditions. What do cucumbers need? To grow the best varieties of cucumbers, they need to be given a lot of heat and light, so they are planted in sunny areas. Here they will give high yields, and fruiting will last in time.
Cucumbers need neutral soil to thrive. Acidic soils do not absorb nutrients well. Plants need regular liquid nutrition containing the micronutrients they need, especially potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Cucumbers prefer high soil and air humidity, as they are a moisture-loving crop. This is especially true in the period of mass formationand fruit growth.
What should they be protected from? They do not like cold soil and low temperature water. They do not need to be grown in a draft, especially in greenhouses, when all doors and windows are wide open. Culture does not tolerate shading. In a plot without sun, fruiting is delayed, cucumbers become smaller, their taste becomes not so sweet. Therefore, they should not be grown under the shade of trees and shrubs, as well as thickened plantings. What else do cucumbers not like?
- Acid soil.
- Late watering.
- Grow in one place for many years.
- Poor ventilation.
- Sharp fluctuations in temperature.
- Rare harvest.
Varieties for the Urals
The Urals have a unique climate: short summers and long winters with severe frosts. But here, too, people grow cucumbers in their dachas. This vegetable is thermophilic, so it is mainly planted in greenhouses. In those years when the summer is warm, vegetable seedlings are transplanted into open ground.
Ural is a zone of risky farming. For cultivation, self-pollinating and parthenocapic vegetables of this species are chosen. The best varieties of cucumbers for the Urals should have endurance, excellent taste and high yields. Late varieties are best not planted, they do not ripen before the onset of cold weather. In the event of unexpected frosts, plants planted earlier in the garden should be covered with a film. The best varieties of cucumbers for the Urals are presented below.
Cupid F 1
This hybrid matures early and is resistant to temperature extremes. Besides, he doesn'tvery demanding for care and cultivation. It is enough to water the plant, fertilize, weed from weeds and mulch the soil around the stems. Reaches full maturity in a month and a half. Suitable for s alting for the winter.
Altai
This variety is versatile as it is grown in garden beds and greenhouses. The culture is early, the appearance of the first ovaries can be expected in a month and five days. Flowers are pollinated by bees. The bushes are large, up to one meter in height, regardless of the place of growth.
Ural climate is characterized by frequent fluctuations in air temperature. However, this is not a problem for a vegetable; it tolerates them easily. The fruits of this culture retain their elasticity and excellent taste for a long time. They are consumed fresh and canned. "Altai" is a productive variety.
Courage F 1
The hybrid is capable of self-pollination, so it is ideal for greenhouse cultivation. Characterized by a long period of maturation. Cucumbers reach full ripeness after 60 days from the start of planting. The culture is characterized by good fruiting. Vegetables are medium in size, the weight of one reaches 175 g.
Cucumbers for Siberia
This region is located on a huge territory. The peculiarity of growing cucumbers is that you have to adapt to climatic conditions, which are characterized by instability here. Summer in Siberia is by definition short, but not always hot, so hybrids are more often grown here. They are better adapted to adverseconditions. Gardeners are trying to choose the best varieties of cucumbers for Siberia.
For a long time this vegetable roamed the countries and continents, he managed to develop immunity to the harsh climate. Breeders have bred many varieties that take root well and give high yields in cold weather conditions. The best varieties of cucumbers for Siberia are presented below.
Miranda F 1
This hybrid has a universal purpose. Ripens early, grows in any soil. However, on fertile soil it develops and bears fruit better. The culture belongs to self-pollinated plants with large bushes. The appearance of the fruit is unusual: small dots of light color are visible on a bright green background. The peel is covered with yellow stripes and tubercles. The fruits are small in size, their length is 12 cm, weight is 120 g. Planting density is four plants per square meter.
Cascade
This variety of cucumbers ripens in medium terms. The formation of ovaries occurs after a month and a half. The overwhelming majority of the plant has female flowers. It is characterized by a rare lesion of various infections. The fruits ripen at the same time. The vegetable has a dark color, weight does not exceed 100 g, and the length is not more than 15 cm. Eight kilograms of vegetables can be harvested from an area of \u200b\u200bone square meter.
Hermann F 1
These cucumbers are early, with strong immunity, so they are practically not affected by diseases. Hybrids have good fertility. The ovaries on the stems are formed in bunches, each grows up to sixfruits. The shape and size of the vegetable, like a gherkin. The fruits are small, 12 cm long, with a sweetish aftertaste.
Cucumbers near Moscow
This region of Russia is located in the middle zone of the country and is rightly considered a zone of risky farming. But this does not mean that it is impossible to grow a heat-loving crop in open ground. You just need to choose the best varieties of cucumbers for the Moscow region that will meet the following requirements:
- Cucumbers should be self-pollinating for better fruiting.
- It is preferable to grow universal varieties.
- Better to give preference to early maturing varieties.
- It is recommended to plant three to seven varieties and hybrids at the same time, which will differ in quality characteristics. This gives at least a small, but a guarantee to get a good harvest. The best varieties of cucumbers for the Moscow region are presented below.
April F 1
This hybrid is bred specifically for open ground, but is successfully grown in greenhouses, greenhouses and on balconies in boxes. This indicates the stability and versatility of the variety. Plants are compact, as they have the ability to regulate branching processes on their own, without any human intervention. The fruits have a cylindrical shape and large sizes, their length is 25 cm, weight is from 200 to 250 g. There is no bitterness in their taste. The hybrid is characterized by frost resistance and unpretentious care.
Erofey
This vegetable is one of the best varieties of cucumbers for central Russia. Ripens in medium terms, but manages tobear fruit before the onset of cold weather. The plant is tall and strongly branched, pollinated by bees. The fruits are small - six to seven centimeters. Their shape is ovoid, somewhat elongated, the peel is covered with tubercles.
Masha F 1
The hybrid is adapted to growing in the Moscow region. Refers to ultra-early and self-pollinated varieties. Characterized by a long period of fruiting. This is a high yielding crop. Due to their small size, cucumbers are classified as gherkins. The surface of the fruit is bumpy. Thanks to their excellent taste, vegetables are good fresh and in salads. They make preparations for the winter. The fruits are genetically based on the absence of bitterness. The hybrid has good immunity to many diseases, it does not react to adverse atmospheric and weather conditions, which is so important for the Moscow region.
Cucumbers for open ground
The variety of varieties of this type of vegetable is so great that it is often difficult to choose exactly what you need. What varieties of cucumbers for open ground are the best, let's see. Each variety has characteristic features and properties that it inherits. You can prepare seeds from varietal cucumbers yourself and grow them in your garden for a long time.
In the case of hybrids, a plant with the characteristics that are usually indicated on the package is grown only once. If you collect the seeds yourself and grow the fruits, they will have other qualities, for example, the yield will decrease, they will become barren. It is difficult to predict the result. At the seedhybrids, the properties of mother plants are not preserved. For reference, the best varieties of cucumbers for open ground are presented below.
Bush
In this variety, the fruits are formed with the participation of bees, so cucumbers are suitable for growing in garden beds. They are early ripening, when planting they do not need to take away the diseased area, since the bushes and fruits are small in size. This is especially true when space is scarce. The taste of fresh cucumbers is very pleasant, they make excellent salads. In addition, they are used for preparations for the winter.
Competitor
These cucumbers have a medium early maturity. From the emergence of shoots to the first harvest, 45 days pass if the vegetables were planted in the spring, and if in the summer, then 30. To form the ovaries, the flowers are pollinated by bees and other insects. The plant is powerful, branches weakly, has a long main stem. The fruits are small, their length reaches 12 cm, and their weight is 100 g. The green peel with indistinct white stripes is covered with large tubercles. The pulp has a dense texture, it is crispy and fragrant. These vegetables are among the best varieties of cucumbers for pickling. They are used fresh, salads are prepared from them. Vegetables bear fruit well if they are properly cared for.
Director F 1
Mid-early hybrid, a month and a half passes from the moment of planting to the harvest of the first harvest. It is grown in garden beds and greenhouses, the harvest is high everywhere. The plant is of medium height, branches strongly, female flowers predominate. The fruits are small - no more than 12 cm, weigh up to 80 g. The skin is covered with tubercles of medium size, light stripes are visible on it. There are no voids in the fruits, the pulp crunches weakly. The hybrid belongs to the best varieties of cucumbers, as it is characterized by shade tolerance, resistance to diseases of the species, unpretentious care, good yield.
Garland
Early ripe hybrid with bundle ovaries, each with four or five fruits. Grown in greenhouses and garden beds. Shade-tolerant culture, can grow indoors on the windowsill. The bushes are powerful, weakly branching. The fruits are small, 12-14 cm in length, weighing up to 130 g. But the yield is not bad: up to 16 kg from a plot of one square meter. This hybrid belongs to the best varieties of cucumbers for pickling. It is used in salads, consumed immediately from the bush, after washing.
Greenhouse Varieties
When choosing cucumbers for greenhouses, you should pay attention to their varieties, since they have different pollination methods. In greenhouse conditions, the best varieties of cucumbers are self-pollinated. They do not require the presence of insects in the greenhouse. Currently, there are many new products. However, experts recommend planting them together with old, time-tested vegetables. So they will bear fruit better. Examples of the best varieties of cucumbers for the greenhouse are presented below.
Connie F 1
This is a very popular hybrid. Refers to early ripe parthenocarpic cucumbers. It grows in greenhouse conditions and in beds. This is one of the best varieties of bunch cucumbers. Characterizedstrong bushes. Flowering type - female. The surface of the fruits is finely bumpy, they are small, seven to nine centimeters in length, weighing up to 80 g. These cucumbers do not have bitterness, they are used fresh and canned, for salads.
Voronezh
This variety is medium late, it takes a month and a half to fully ripen. But the long wait for tasty fruits is compensated by their good fruiting. Vegetables are among the most productive varieties of cucumbers, despite their small size. Their mass is 100-120 g. They are consumed fresh and pickled, in salads and as a decoration for dishes.
Suomi F 1
This is a super early parthenocarpic hybrid. It is characterized by stable immunity: it is not afraid of root rot, cold weather, bad weather conditions are not afraid of it. The fruits reach full maturity by the 38th day after the emergence of sprouts. Cucumbers are small - six centimeters in length. A distinctive feature of hybrids is that they cannot outgrow their sizes, declared when growing seeds. This is very good, since there will be no overgrown vegetables. The fruits are tasty, there is no bitterness in them. Suitable for s alting.
Saratov F 1
This is a super early parthenocarpic hybrid adapted to harsh climate conditions. The fruiting period is extended in time. The fruits have a beautiful shape in the form of an elongated oval and medium size. The length of the cucumber reaches 13 cm. The thin skin is covered with white spikes. The pulp has an excellent taste. Used in salads andcanning.
Gherkin Varieties
This type of cucumber is small in size. The fruits reach a length of five centimeters, sometimes a little more. The best varieties of cucumber gherkins are presented below.
- "Parisian" - this variety of mini-cucumbers is very popular among vegetable growers. Culture is not demanding to care. It is enough to regularly water, loosen the soil and weed. Pollination requires the presence of bees. It ripens early, a month and 10 days after the appearance of sprouts. Fruit weight - 55-80 g.
- "Moravian F 1" - a hybrid adapted to growing in open-air beds. Fruits in medium terms. It takes 50 days from germination to full maturity. Pollinated by bees. The length of the fruit is 8-10 cm, weight - 70-95 g. The hybrid is characterized by a stable yield. It is resistant to diseases of the species.
- "Children's F 1" - the hybrid is self-pollinated. There are many flowers on the plant. The peel of the fruit, reaching a length of eight centimeters, is covered with white spikes. The mass of cucumbers is 70 g. There is no bitterness in the pulp. The culture is disease resistant.
- "Marinade F 1" - the hybrid is not afraid of temperature fluctuations in the air and diseases, as it has strong immunity. Super early cucumbers ripen in 32-41 days. The peel of fruits reaching 12 cm in length is covered with large tubercles, the flesh is dense.
Harvest cucumbers for open ground
To determine which cucumbers produce more fruit, several varieties are usually planted and grown in the sameconditions. Harvesting will show which ones to keep for planting in future years, and which ones to discard forever. But there is an easier way: buy seeds, all the information is given on the package. For example, the most productive varieties of cucumbers for open ground are given below.
- "Vyaznikovsky-37" is an early variety. Two to three kilograms of fruits are harvested from a plot area of one square meter. The bushes are tall, the height of the main stem reaches 160 cm, and its thickness is two. The ovary has an elongated shape. The hybrid is resistant to diseases such as powdery mildew. Used for preparations for the winter.
- "Graceful" - this cucumber has the same characteristics as the previous variety, but it is not suitable for winter harvesting. But it is resistant to bacteriosis.
- "Farmer" - one of the best varieties of cucumbers with late ripening. Only after two months the fruits reach maturity. The yield is very high: 14 kg of cucumbers from a plot area of one square meter. The variety is universal. Its taste is equally pleasant in both fresh and pickled fruits. Bitterness is absent. But this is not all the advantages of the variety. The main thing is that these cucumbers can also be grown in greenhouses.
- "Alligator" - the yield of this hybrid is high - 16 kg per square meter. The fruits are large, their length reaches 40 cm, and their weight is 300 g. They are not affected by powdery mildew and olive blotch. They belong to the best varieties of cucumbers.
Crop varieties for greenhouses
To date, a huge number of varieties of cucumbers have been bred. Some are destinedfor growing in garden beds, others - in closed ground. Below is an overview of greenhouse cucumber varieties.
- "Phoenix 640" - pollinated by bees and other insects. Female flowers predominate. Fruiting is extended in time, lasts until the very cold. The yield is good - 6 kg / 1m2. The fetus has medium dimensions: length - 12-15 cm, weight - 150-200 g.
- "Spring" - is characterized by a very high yield: 25 kg of cucumbers per square meter. Ripens in medium terms. It can be grown outdoors, but in this case, the yield drops.
- "Lilliput" - these cucumbers are for lazy summer residents. If they are not watered in time, they will endure the absence of water, while maintaining taste and yield.
These vegetables are the best varieties of cucumbers for the greenhouse.
Self-pollinating varieties
Such cucumbers have a high yield and resistance to natural disasters. Pollination of flowers, after which the ovaries are formed, occurs without the participation of insects. The best self-pollinating cucumber varieties include:
- "Friendly family F 1" - open ground and greenhouses are suitable for growing a hybrid. Fruiting is stable, bushes are rarely affected by viruses and fungi. The fruits are light green, cylindrical, without bitterness. There are many bumps on the peel.
- "Claudia F 1" - the leaves of the hybrid are strongly woven, but there are few of them on the shoots. The fruits are elliptical in shape, they give high yields, are rarely affected by viruses.
- "Zozulya F 1" is an early ripe, productive hybrid. It pollinates independently, but with a small proportion of parthenocarpy. Green fruits have medium bumpiness and excellent taste.
Varieties of bunched cucumbers
The appearance of such cucumbers is the most significant achievement in breeding. Popular varieties with bunch ovary are shown below.
- "Chistye Prudy F 1" - this early maturing hybrid has a gherkin appearance with parthenocarpic pollination. The harvest is ripening. Fruits before frost. The hybrid is designed for open and closed ground, resistant to diseases of the species, tolerates shade. Forms up to six ovaries in a bundle. Fruits of average size are very juicy, crunchy.
- "Vyuga F 1" is an ultra-early hybrid that matures in 37 days. The bushes are medium-sized, there are few side shoots. There are four or five ovaries in one bundle. The fruits are small, six to eight centimeters long. Their shape is oval-cylindrical, the skin is dark green with large tubercles. Cucumbers are suitable for canning.
- "Yamal F 1" is an early ripe hybrid, intended for growing in garden beds and greenhouses. The plant is medium-branched, bushes are compact, few ovaries are formed in a bunch, one or two. Lightened stripes are visible on green fruits 8-10 cm long. Cucumbers have a universal purpose, they are among the best varieties of cucumbers for canning. They are good fresh, they are used in preparations for the winter.
