Heated floors at home - it's very convenient. Carpets are no substitute for the feeling of stepping barefoot on the floor and feeling warm. With the help of this system, you can get control over the temperature in the apartment. There is no binding to central heating, which is a definite plus. To achieve this result, it is necessary to study the technology of pouring and installation.
Where were they invented?
Ancient variations of water floors appeared in ancient Rome. Previously, such structures were made exclusively in baths. They heated wood stoves, the steam from them went through the channels under the marble floor. It heated up quickly and cooled down quickly, which caused dissatisfaction with the development and was quickly abandoned.
Arrangement options
Before starting work, you should find out how to properly fill in a warm water floor. There are several ways to get the perfect coverage:
- When in the store the question "how to pour warmwater floor”the consultant advises a semi-dry screed, you need to study the information about it. Semi-dry is distinguished by the fact that there is practically no water in it. Fiber and polymer additives are present in the solution. The advantage of this screed is that it is easy to independently prepare for work. For the solution you will need cement (M400) - it will be 1 part of the mixture. The sand needs to be sifted (cleaned), it will need three parts. For a cubic meter of composition, 500 g of the mixture will be required. This type of screed dries quickly, many times faster than concrete. The resulting mixture is not plastic, it is more difficult to prepare it than usual. It dries quickly and will not crack.
- Many are wondering if it is possible to fill a warm water floor with a concrete screed. This concept usually means pouring a cement-sand mortar. In order for the screed to be strong, the sand is changed in the composition for screening. It turns out a high-quality concrete mortar, which also includes cement and plasticizers. Screening helps to securely hold the mixture together. Sand, on the other hand, is less reliable than screenings. Cement should be used with quality brands, as bad ones crack quickly. The plasticizer provides proper protection to the coating, prevents it from crumbling. It makes the thickness of the screed less, by a maximum of 20 mm.
- Screed, which includes self-leveling compounds. According to its characteristics, it resembles a cement-sand mixture. The advantage is that it does not need to be leveled after application, the solution lays down easily. The mixture is flexible. She dries quickly. Mixes are divided into coarse and finishing.
Thanis it better to pour a warm water floor? These options are identical in their technology, but have a number of distinctive nuances. Therefore, puzzled by this issue, it is worth reading about the technology of the process.
How to stir the solution correctly?
To get a smooth screed, you need to know how to fill in a warm water floor. You should find out the composition, as well as the correct proportions. What solution to pour a warm water floor?
You need to take 1 part of cement, gradually add 6 parts of screenings. The plasticizer should be placed according to the instructions: 0.35 liters is mixed with 1 bag of cement. Next, gradually add water. Continue to add until a mixture of a homogeneous consistency is formed.
Fiber fiber is added to floors of complex configuration. If the mixture is well distributed, then a reinforcing mesh is not required. In the case when they did a good job and the screed was flooded, the upper layer warms up.
Possible nuances
The nuances of the concrete layer are that the weight of the screed is large, respectively, the drying period increases. A semi-dry screed saves a lot of time if you know how to pour the screed onto a warm water floor. Coarse mixtures are intended for it, as they can be applied in a thick layer.
If the question is, what kind of screed to fill with a water-heated floor, then professionals often advise choosing a semi-dry one. It will dry quickly, but be aware that it is easy to spoil it with an excess of water. You can try to pick up the mass by squeezing it. If you see that water has gone, then pouringwill not work. Also, the mixture will fall poorly, which crumbles in the hands from a lack of water. When the resulting mass becomes plastic, then you can get to work.
If you follow all the nuances of the process correctly, you can understand how to properly fill in a warm water floor.
How to fill?
There is no room for error in this process. This will affect the overall appearance of the floor. If the screed is uneven, it will gradually collapse.
Before pouring, the necessary preparatory work should be done. The first step is to make a foundation, after which you can start waterproofing.
Some make the mistake of not knowing what layer to fill in a warm water floor. Before applying the finishing layer, the reinforcing layer is laid and the installation work of the heating system of the apartment or house is done.
It is important to fix the damper tape around the perimeter of the room, after that work with the screed. Having decided what kind of concrete to pour a warm water floor, you can prepare tools and start working.
What tools do you need?
During the installation process you will need:
- Metal profile. It is needed for guides.
- You can't do without dry gypsum and containers for mixing solutions.
- Building level. It is also worth taking a trowel and a rule.
Step by step instructions
It is important to follow the procedure for pouring underfloor heating:
- Choose a wall, use a level to mark the line of the future screed on it. Important to remember,that in areas where pipes pass, the solution must be applied with a thickness of more than 3 centimeters. Also at this stage, you should already know how to fill in a warm water floor.
- When the gypsum mortar is ready, take a trowel, distributing it along the wall in small portions. The distance between the resulting piles should be approximately 20 centimeters. Guides are placed on the resulting solution. It is necessary to put them on the level, so that it turns out perfectly even. Leave small gaps between the beacons. It is important to remember that gypsum dries instantly. Make the solution in batches so that it is always fresh. Then it will be more convenient to work, and there will be no defects.
- The next step is the preparation of the concrete mortar. Keeping the proportions, mix the components. Then add the required amount of water. The plasticizer is added last.
- It is necessary to control the pressure in the pipes when pouring the warm floor begins. It should not be higher than 0.3 MPa; with other indicators, a screed cannot be made. The resulting solution is distributed between the walls of the guides. As a rule, it is leveled on the surface. In this case, the accuracy of each stage is important, you can not touch the pipes. The room is divided into zones, and pouring begins in portions. If pipes are visible between the seams, they are covered with corrugation.
- When the work is completed, the resulting screed is covered with a polyethylene cape, so it dries within a day. A day later, lighthouses are taken out. Remaining grooves in their places. These areas are covered with a solution. The film covers the floor again, which is needed from time to timemoisten with water. If the floors are regularly sprayed with clean water, there will be no cracks in them.
- Finish coat applied when humidity drops to 5 or 7%.
How to make a semi-dry screed?
This type of screed is laid only after installation work with water floors. At this stage, the pipes are already fixed, the damper tape is stretched around the perimeter of the room.
The scheme of work is to install beacons on sections that need to be aligned diagonally. The next step is to mix the solution. It is necessary to remember about raising the pressure in the pipes to 0.3 MPa. The resulting mixture is laid out between the guides. An important point is the constant control of the layer thickness, especially in places where pipes are laid. The mixture constantly needs to be leveled, it is laid in an even layer. For beginners, recesses are often formed in the process of work. They are easy to deal with: you need to add more mortar and level with the rule.
After the installation is completed, wait about 30 minutes, after which the grouting procedure begins. To do this, you can use a trowel. It perfectly grinds and compacts the screed material. The effect of grinding is gradually erased. Grouting should be done no later than six hours after work. If the solution "grabbed", then no changes can be made.
It is not allowed to start heating before the screed is completely dry. The temperature in the room should not be higher than plus 25 degrees Celsius. It is worth waiting one day, then the temperature can be increased by 5 degrees. The system is trained ontemperature rise for several days.
How to make a self-leveling screed?
This version of the work is a little easier than the previous ones. At this stage, the choice has been made, and the question no longer arises of how to fill in a warm water floor. No need to set guides, which significantly saves time. Elements of the water floor are attached immediately before pouring. All unnecessary elements are removed from the surface, and the pressure in the pipe also rises. You will need a drill and a nozzle to stir the dry ingredients of the mixture with water. To spread the mixture evenly on the work surface, you need a filling hose and a large spatula.
You can use a roller to eliminate the resulting voids in the floor. If there is air under the pipes, then the screed will be of poor quality. To avoid this, you need to carefully roll out.
When the surface is ready, it is covered with a film and waiting for complete drying. At the same time, windows and doors are closed to avoid fresh air and sunlight from entering the new floor.
What is the difference between zip ties?
The minimum thickness of a self-levelling screed is 20 mm. Semi-dry, on the contrary, is the largest (its thickness is 35 mm). Wet screed has a thickness of 30 mm.
Self-levelling has great strength. The density is 350 kg/m2, and it dries the fastest in seven days. Wet screed has the longest drying time, approximately 28 days. Given the long drying time, this species is rarely chosen for work.
Variations of warmsex
There is a unique system for increasing the strength and durability of underfloor heating. To do this, it is necessary to observe the tightness of the assembly using special equipment.
An interesting point is the possibility of installation without joints on the floor of the apartment. This is possible when using corrugated pipes made of special stainless steel. There can be no leaks in such pipes.
There are new sensors, by installing which you can find out about the accident. They themselves signal the danger.
What is the result?
The warm water floor is ready when hot water circulates through the pipes in the floor. They are located directly under the special coating. On top of the screed, you can put a coating of your choice. Many use laminate or tile.
If you plan to install this type of floor in a wooden house, the cement screed loads the floors, so it is advised to make a warm floor, taking the rack system as the base.
In addition to the fact that the owners of the new floor walk on a warm surface, they also save heat energy. The interior of the room is not loaded with third-party thermal devices, such as heaters.
