Wiring diagram has always been needed for construction and renovation. It is very difficult to navigate the house without a wiring diagram, because after a major renovation, both pipes and wiring are often hidden.
When restructuring, it is also desirable to draw a diagram by which one could navigate when performing various work.
What is a wiring diagram?
This is a diagram of laying the installation of communications, starting with heating pipes and ending with a wiring diagram. In principle, wiring diagrams are needed only to clarify and avoid errors even before they occur, and they are almost no different from each other, fulfilling their intended purpose.
It is best to start repairs with a wiring diagram, compiling all complex nodes, communications and their intersections.
Special attention should be paid to the intersections of water and heating pipes, it is very important not to confuse them and lay them so that in case of leakage or damage, you can determine from memory what kind of pipe it is.
There are no special problems with this in old multi-storey buildings, the pipes go mostly hidden and go out only inpoints of connection to a tap or battery. Even under the sink, it is often difficult to mix up hot and cold water.
Need to take this as an ideal template when drawing up wiring diagrams.
How to make wiring diagrams?
It is best to start wiring diagrams before starting repairs and any work coordinated on electrical and piping circuits. In rooms with high humidity, all connections must be carefully insulated, since moisture is unacceptable in electrical wiring, sockets should be used with covers and fixed at a distance of at least 50 cm from the source of moisture, this should also be mentioned in the diagram.
The wiring diagram is made up of real measurements of objects, if this is an inaccurate diagram, then long identical sections can be cut out on it and the main nodes can be enlarged.
It is best to draw up a wiring diagram immediately after repair, at least you should write down the distance from the walls, ceiling. This is necessary so that when fixing a photo on a wall or other objects, it does not get into the wire.
Similarly, with hidden water pipes that run under the tile. Before installing mixers and other equipment, study the places where pipes are laid so as not to get into them.
What schemes exist?
There is an installation and technological scheme, it shows pipes or electrical wiring, which are made by designers, they set the basic approximate standards without taking into account many factors. This is necessary in order to have a general idea ofpipeline or power transmission.
Such schemes are necessary for an approximate calculation of material, equipment and are not drawn up for a working draft and implementation in reality, but for a preliminary analysis. If we want to lay a half-meter pipe for an oil pipeline, then we first need to superficially analyze, without taking into account many factors.
Then, draw up a diagram in more detail, indicating valves, wells, plungers, fencing, signs and many other elements, without which it is impossible to calculate the required amount of work and the exact task for the installers.
What is a working flow chart?
This is a wiring diagram, which in turn is carried out by workers, chief engineers, foremen and other people who directly draw up more detailed and detailed diagrams based on local conditions.
They can more accurately indicate the required wire cross-section, diameter, size and material of the pipes, and the product that goes through the pipes must be indicated on the diagram with the appropriate marking. Power lines with the specified voltage and current strength, the material from which the wiring is made, the support, insulators and other numerous elements.
Also on the diagram there should be various devices and equipment that is included in the circuit, transformer rooms, more detailed diagrams of many complex nodes, fittings, supports, walls and other elements that play an important role, affect the length and material, thickness of the overall system.
Heating circuit
For a private home andapartments, the wiring diagram for heating may be different. In his house, the circuit is often closed by a heating boiler, which is extremely rare in apartments. It is possible to use an autonomous double-circuit boiler, where hot water is used both for heating and for mixers.
In this case, it is very important to either stick special marks on the pipes or paint them in certain colors. You can experiment with them, make the original color, purple or bright green, this will emphasize the interior and there will be no need to mask the pipes, because they will become part of the design masterpiece.
It doesn't matter what color, the main thing is that you yourself know that green is heating, and the purple pipe is the one that goes to the tap. This will come in very handy when a pipe suddenly breaks and you need to urgently turn off the main taps.
Piping diagram
The installation scheme of pipelines for water differs from the heating one in that it is not closed. In the event of a water leak, we will need to close only 1 valve, not 2, it is also advisable to mark them with different colors or symbols, especially at nodes where 3 or more pipes are connected.
Two or more pipes running in parallel have always caused confusion for installers.
At long distances in basements and boiler rooms, all pipes running in parallel must be marked or painted in standard colors. There is no such need at home, but it is advisable to adhere to the same tradition and draw the letters G and X on the folds, which means hot andcold.
Also on wiring diagrams, to avoid confusion, pipes are marked in special colors, blue - cold, red - hot, yellow - gas pipeline, gray - with compressed air and so on.
What should be considered when drawing up plumbing wiring diagrams?
If you have made repairs and do not want to accidentally break through a hidden pipe under the tiles, then you need to at least write down in a notebook where the pipes pass, how far from the wall, the number and sequence relative to each other.
Let's say there are at least 4 pipes in the bathroom - cold water, hot water and two heating pipes. If all the pipes are hidden, and you want to attach a shower handle close to the radiator or above the faucet, then working without a wiring diagram can end up very badly if the pipe is damaged.
Therefore, it is very important to at least roughly know the location of the pipes, plus or minus 5 cm, if there is no diagram. And when repairing, be sure to write it down.
It is best to mark pipes with different colors on the diagram, it is very important not to miss the distance from the ceiling and walls, so that there is a guideline, pipe material, in case of damage, in order to know which pipe to buy for connection, diameter, etc.
The more information you have, the easier further exploitation, so do not spare time for recording.
What should I consider when installing electrical wiring?
Wiring diagrams of electrical equipment are more complex: during installation, it is necessary to indicate in the notebook the main components - bags, machines, wiring diagram. Sign which switch goes where, to the air conditioner or washing machine, which often require a separate fuse.
Then draw all the wires, their location, write the distance from the ceiling of all hidden wires, often it is about 10 cm in order to minimize the line. But often damage still occurs, and to repair it, you need to try hard.
To prevent this from happening, everything should be written down. In a hollow plasterboard wall, the task is simplified, because the wire is normal along with a corrugated sheath, which is not as easy to damage with a screw or self-tapping screw as wire.
It is better to place a non-hidden wire either in a corrugated or a special sheath to protect the wire from possible damage, which is fraught not only with replacement, but also with an electric shock by an inaccurate person.
In the bathroom, it is better to use double-sheathed wires, with reliable insulation of all connection elements, because condensate will certainly cause a short circuit for inattentive owners.
Electric starter connection diagram
Also in a private house, a wiring diagram for connecting a starter, for example, an electric motor on a small machine, is useful. This is necessary when replacing parts to avoid confusion of elements. The diagram should indicate the main details, including fastening, diameter and material of the wire.
It is necessary that the diagrams also have a cross-section of wires, the distance between the centers of the mounting holes, the main adjacent parts and other things that may be important when replacing a line, equipment, so that one careful viewing of the circuit is enough and one can say it fits new item or not.
If the starter (starter) on the car breaks down, then you cannot do without a wiring diagram. It is very convenient to use not a simple scheme, but a three-dimensional one, where the main connection nodes are indicated, which for a beginner without a mentor is the key to success.
The wiring diagram is an essential element for any construction and repair process, without it you cannot build a pipeline to the house, do not neglect this important detail for the quality repair of any home.
