Solid fuel boilers with a water circuit are, in fact, a modified standard boiler equipment, just an additional design provides a water circuit.
Design features
This equipment consists of the following main elements:
- Water circuit.
- Ash chamber.
- Grate.
- Firebox.
If single-circuit models can only be used for space heating, then dual-circuit equipment can be used for both heating and hot water supply.
Before purchasing a double-circuit boiler, it is recommended to determine the power that will be used for space heating (about 1kW for 10m2) and hot water heating.
You can load fuel automatically or manually. In the first case, solid fuel boilers with a water circuit are equipped with a tank in which fuel is provided every 3-7 days. However, these models, in comparison with boiler equipment with manual fuel filling, costsignificantly more expensive and therefore less common.
Charcoal up to 25 mm in size, which has undergone special training, can be used as fuel. Some solid fuel boilers with a water circuit are equipped with built-in electric heaters that start up in the event of a fuel supply cut. As a result, continuous operation of the boiler unit is ensured.
Classification
According to the material of execution, solid fuel boilers with a water circuit for the home are divided into products made of cast iron and steel. Cast iron equipment is characterized by a large heat capacity - it heats up longer, but then it stores heat longer. However, such boilers have a significant drawback - sensitivity to temperature differences. If these cycles are many and they have a large range, cracks appear in the heat exchanger housing, up to failure and destruction.
Steel solid fuel boilers with a water circuit do not have this drawback, but they are more susceptible to corrosion processes from the inevitable influence of condensate.
The most progressive modern development in the heat engineering field is a solid fuel unit for long burning. This equipment in most cases has a top hatch for loading fuel. This non-standard constructive and technological solution helps to achieve maximum effect. Fuel burns longer and generates more heat. There are also solid fuel boilers withwater circuit for the house, using the pyrolysis effect, which is the effect of afterburning wood gas, which is released during the combustion of wood. This system has higher efficiency.
Operation principle
Solid fuel boiler with a water circuit (reviews below) can run on the following types of fuel:
- Wood waste pellets.
- Peat briquettes.
- Coal.
- Firewood.
For this reason, their principle of operation is not much different from classic solid fuel units. The peculiarity lies only in a well-designed combustion chamber equipped with a thick-walled boiler. This improves the reliability of this design and contributes to the long-term maintenance of the coolant temperature in the circuit after the boiler is attenuated.
Regulation of the intensity of combustion of fuel is carried out by means of air duct dampers. Complete combustion of fuel and its rapid heating occurs due to the special shape of the furnace. This equipment is capable of operating on two types of water circulation in the heating system:
- Gravity (natural), provided with the correct slope of pipelines.
- Forced using a circulation pump.
Do-it-yourself solid fuel boiler with a water circuit
The most important difference between factory and homemade products is the method of combustion. In the classic version of such a boiler, there is only one combustion chamber in which the fuel is mixed.
Equipmentpyrolysis type is equipped with two chambers, and therefore it has a higher heat dissipation.
Materials and tools
To build a homemade solid fuel boiler with a water circuit, you will need the following tools and materials:
- Firebrick.
- Steel sheet.
- Various bolts and nuts.
- Centrifugal fan.
- Profile pipelines.
- 20 mm rod.
- Steel pipelines.
Installation Tips
Homemade units can be performed in various ways. To do this, you need to have the following knowledge:
- You need to be able to calculate the most optimal and efficient water supply option.
- Competently calculate the operating parameters of the heat exchanger.
- To correctly and accurately determine the place for the combustion chamber.
You can find a lot of information, including from craftsmen who have already installed this equipment in their home.
Any way of organizing the heating system that you find can be changed and improved according to your own needs. The most important thing in this business is a competent calculation and proper installation of the boiler.
Reviews
Currently, products operating on solid fuels are used everywhere, and in the coming years there is no real alternative to them. Reviews about this equipment allow us to understand the reason for their indispensability in the conditions of a long winterheating season in Russia.
Owners of suburban and private households operating solid fuel boilers with a water circuit agree on the durability, unpretentiousness, availability and reliability of these units, which, for all their undeniable advantages, also have certain disadvantages. Cons must be taken into account and minimized even at the stage of developing a project for your own country house.
The best approach to the problem of heating will be to contact a qualified specialist in this field, who will help you choose a rational scheme for the heat supply circuit and the optimal power of the boiler unit.
