In the field of real estate, one has to deal with the definition of a group of capitalization of construction projects quite often. For example, this procedure is indispensable if state registration of a structure or a decision on demolition is necessary.
What does the term "building capital" imply?
Regulatory and technical literature does not give a clearly formulated explanation of the signs of capital construction projects. Nevertheless, this term is associated with the strength, functionality and service life of the building.
How to determine the capital group of a building?
In order to assign a building to one or another group of capital, a special expert commission is appointed. The review process includes the evaluation of a number of indicators. The main ones are:
- Used materials for construction: foundation, walls, floors.
- Design features that ensure the physical and mechanical endurance of the structure.
- Degree of fire resistance.
- The level of interior improvement,engineering communications.
Groups of capitalization of buildings for civil use
Modern architectural solutions imply different capital values for buildings, depending on their purpose. Thus, structures intended for civil use (residential buildings) have a shorter durability than industrial (public) real estate.
The period of trouble-free operation is a key factor in determining the capital group of buildings and structures, the table clearly shows this.
| Capital group | Service life, years | Object type, depending on the building materials used |
| first | unlimited | Concrete, stone |
| second | 120 | Commons |
| third | 120 | Stone lightweight |
| fourth | 50 | Wooden mixed |
| fifth | 30 | Framework |
| sixth | 15 | Reeds |
I group of capitalization of residential buildings
First class houses meet the highest quality standards. Maximum service life is achieved due to the robust design, mainlyconsisting of a monolithic foundation, walls and ceilings. The main building material of the base is concrete, stone. The walls can be made of block, stone or brick masonry. Ceilings - from reinforced concrete. The fire resistance of such objects is maximum. An example is multi-storey monolithic houses, of which any urban architecture mainly consists.
II capital group
Representatives of this class are not far behind the first group in terms of strength and durability. Unlike the first class, here the walls can also be large-panel. Such houses are gaining more and more popularity in the construction market, as they are built faster, and most importantly, they cost contractors less than monolithic ones.
III capital group
For the construction of such houses, a mixed wall erection technology is used using lighter materials: brick, cinder blocks, shell rock, etc. Such walls are lighter than concrete or stone, but a certain percentage of physical and mechanical endurance is lost.
IV capital group
The mixed construction of houses in this group uses such building material as wood. In the wooden version, walls (chopped, block-shaped), ceilings, and a lightweight tape foundation can be made. Fire resistance and service life are noticeably reduced compared to their predecessors. Low-rise buildings are built according to this typehouses, private cottages, not heavily loading the foundation.
V group
Frame-panel buildings belong to wooden housing construction. Wooden frame houses are most often country cottages and cottages intended for seasonal use. A definite plus is the low cost of time and money, the minus is a high fire hazard and a relatively short service life.
VI group
Bright representatives - baths, sheds, garages and other temporary buildings and structures. They are intended for individual household use.
Group capitalization of buildings for industrial and other purposes
Slightly different technical requirements are imposed on buildings for industrial and other purposes than for civilian facilities, namely, the bar for service life is raised. Below are the data that conditionally divide non-residential objects into groups of buildings and structures capitalization. The table reflects their main parameters, as well as clearly demonstrates the classification of buildings by capital.
| Capital group | Service life, years | Design Features |
| 1st group | 175 | Metal or reinforced concrete frame with stone filling |
| 2nd group | 150 | Wallsstone or large-block, reinforced concrete floors |
| 3rd group | 125 | Walls made of stone or large blocks, hardwood floors |
| 4th group | 100 | Wooden/brick posts and columns |
| 5th group | 80 | Lightweight masonry walls |
| 6th group | 50 | Walls chopped, cobbled or logs |
| 7th group | 25 | Frame/panel structure |
| 8th group | 15 | Reed structures |
| 9th group | 10 | Temporary structures (pavilions, tents, stalls) |
The service life of buildings by capital groups is different depending on the purpose of the object. So, for industrial facilities, it varies from 15 to 175 years, while civil facilities are intended for use from 15 to 150 years. At the same time, the closer the capitalization group of a structure to the beginning of the classification series, the higher the requirements for its physical and mechanical endurance and fire resistance. It should also be noted that the level of capitalization is also influenced by such additional factors as interior decoration, engineering communications, as well as technical equipment.buildings.
