The garage, with the addition of a cellar, becomes a multifunctional building that provides storage not only for a car and repair tools, but also for various preparations for the winter, vegetables and canned food.
But such an addition needs to provide increased air flow, remove musty smells and dampness. Proper ventilation of a garage with a basement is an essential stage of work necessary for the comfort of people and food storage.
Destination
Dampness leads not only to spoilage of fruits and vegetables, but also to the appearance of an unpleasant odor and the development of fungus. Also, one of the causes of corrosion on the metal elements of the building, parts and car body parts is humidity. That is why measures to reduce it become so important.
Ventilation in the garage withthe basement provides protection from many negative phenomena. These include condensation, which most often forms in the winter. At this time, the heat coming from the depths of the earth contributes to a slight heating of the cellar, due to which the temperature in it becomes higher than in another part of the building. Due to the high humidity in the room, condensation occurs, at low temperatures the surface is covered with frost.
Do not forget about toxic toxic impurities in the air: exhaust gases, oil vapors, paints and gasoline. To prevent their accumulation to a critical concentration, it is necessary to ensure the removal of polluted air outside the premises and the supply of fresh air. The conditions available determine the appropriate type of ventilation, which can be natural, forced or mechanical.
Natural airflow
Before you make effective ventilation of the basement of the garage, you need to decide on the scheme of the device, it can be supply and exhaust, supply and exhaust. The latter option is distinguished by a high degree of air purification, while the supply air provides its intensive flow. But the combined technique is the most effective, its arrangement is possible in two ways.
Natural ventilation of a garage with a basement does not require expensive equipment, only two pipes need to be installed to create it. The mechanism of action is based on different levels of temperatures in the room and outside the window. But its simplicity led to the emergencea significant drawback, which consists in interruptions in the winter due to the accumulation of frost in the channel and the impossibility of using it in the summer, since at this time the temperature inside and outside the room acquires close values. This option is suitable for a small garage, which requires pipe insulation with special materials and systematic snow removal during the winter months. There is a non-standard removable part for the outlet piping, which makes it much easier to maintain.
Pros and cons
Forced ventilation in a garage with a basement with your own hands allows you to create an optimal microclimate in the room. Its operation is ensured by special devices for forced air flow. It is possible to use both one double-leaf pipeline and two (as in the option indicated above).
The main advantage of natural ventilation is the low cost of equipment. But for a large garage used for a minibus or truck, this option will not work. The inlet design removes toxic substances and eliminates high humidity much more efficiently, while you can save money by forming a combined version.
Creating air ducts
The easiest way is to make a channel in the masonry from hollow bricks and blocks. To prevent the ingress of rodents and birds, steel gratings are used to block the passage section. The most widely used method involves the installationexhaust and supply pipes in opposite corners of the room.
Experts recommend mounting the air inlet element at a height of about 50 cm from the floor level, and placing the exhaust part under the ceiling, this will provide a more intense air flow. The pipe can be factory made, made from aluminum-based foil, or made from scrap materials such as wood, brick, or roofing steel.
How to make ventilation in the basement of the garage
The exhaust duct is fixed at a distance of at least 180 cm from the floor, the outer part is on the roof of the garage, at a height of about 50 cm. Additional insulation is required when installed on the back wall.
The inlet part is fixed on the opposite side and brought out into the street, while the distance to the ground should be about 20-30 cm. The channel should be protected from insects and birds with a steel mesh, it is also covered with small covers.
Changing the intensity of air exchange is possible with special adjustment dampers mounted on both pipes. They are especially useful in the cold season for batch air renewal. There is also an economical option, which involves replacing the supply channel with a gate valve installed on the end of the wall structure.
Additional accessories
Forced ventilation in a garage with a basement requires the addition of pipingspecial electric fans. Channels can be mounted in the same way as in a natural arrangement, or have a common passage. The main advantage of this method is independence from climatic conditions and seasons. It has many similarities with simpler ventilation, the difference lies in the devices that form an air vortex. The flow is directed outside the room, thereby fresh air enters through the ventilation duct. It is possible to use not only a fan, but also other devices, for example, a diffuser-weather vane with a rotary mechanism, it works on the basis of the energy of the wind flow and is fixed in the upper part of the supply duct.
How to enhance the effect
Forced ventilation in a garage with a basement can have two layout options: horizontal and vertical. Better ventilation of a large space is provided by horizontal placement and simultaneous operation of two fans.
Efficiency can be improved by installing a light bulb in the ascending duct, thus the outflow of air is activated by heating it. Deflectors are also quite common, forming rarefied air around them. They are fixed on the exhaust pipe near its outlet.
Mechanical principle of operation
Such ventilation in a garage with a basement is most efficient. But for its installation it takes a lot of time and appeal to specialists,it also has a high cost. Special sensors at the set time turn off and turn on the system without human intervention.
The movement of air is only forced. It is possible to arrange two modules, each of which performs different actions. They are connected by automatic devices that provide autonomous operation.
Air inlets are the most expensive, this is due to the complete set in the form of filters, a heater and two types of fans: axial and duct.
Equipment that allows you not to think later about how to effectively ventilate the basement of the garage, can combine two devices at once without compromising performance. It is quite common to supplement with special devices - recuperators that transfer heat from the exhaust air to the supply air. Thanks to them, you can significantly save on electricity, since in this case space heating is not required. They keep the temperature within five degrees above zero, this value is optimal for long-term storage of the car and keeping it in the same condition.
Deflector
After the arrangement of ventilation in the cold season, condensation may accumulate under the outlets of the pipelines. This can be prevented by using heat-insulating materials for pipe insulation and fixing special umbrellas in the inside. It should be noted that the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors should be at least five degrees.
It is recommended to purchase a deflector forexhaust duct, in case of wind, it will form a reduced pressure in it to reduce air consumption. The principle of operation of this device is based on:
- influence of wind flow on pipe inlet and garage wall structure;
- different density and lifting force of supply and exhaust air.
No special tools are required to install the deflector, it is enough just to fix it next to the end wall in a vertical position. It is also necessary to use thermal insulation materials to prevent condensation on the inner surface.
What you need to know
According to foreign regulations, at least 350 liters of fresh air must enter the garage every hour. Domestic SNiPs are less strict: this value is within 180 liters. In this case, the exhaust opening should be in a diagonal arrangement from the supply.
Proper ventilation in a garage with a basement allows you to achieve the following:
- long-term storage of food in the basement;
- humidity in the room is within normal limits;
- corrosion does not develop on metal surfaces;
- the walls of the inspection pit do not deteriorate from excessive moisture, and, accordingly, it is safe to be in it;
- quick removal of harmful fumes and exhaust gases.
Before you make ventilation in a garage with a basement, you need to calculate the required performance, whiletake into account the number of cars, the design of the premises and the area of the building.
