The foundation is one of the most important components of the structure of any building. The durability of the entire building will depend on how reliable it is. In order for the foundation of the house to be solid, it is necessary to choose the right construction technology, use high-quality materials and competently perform all the work. However, deformation of the base can also be caused by physical-mechanical and hydraulic changes in the soil layers. In this case, only timely repair of the foundation will help restore strength and ensure the safety of the entire building.
Determining whether the foundation is damaged or not is quite simple. If oblique cracks have formed on the facade or basement of the building, the masonry seams are broken or the window sills are bent, you should know that the base needs to be restored. However, the repair of the foundation cannot be started if the deformation process progresses, because. allyour efforts will not bring the desired result. Repair work should be carried out only after you are sure that further destruction of the base has stopped. This is checked as follows: it is necessary to moisten the surfaces in the places of damage with water, put beacons from a gypsum mixture across the cracks and leave them for two weeks. If during this time no cracks have formed on them, then the repair of the foundation can begin. If the house continues to deform, then it is necessary to strengthen individual sections of the base.
For example, you need to repair the foundation of a country house, but first you should find out the reason for its destruction. And there may be several.
Foundation damage can be caused by constant water washing. Most often, the culprit of constant flows is the roof, which is not equipped with special gutters. If, under the influence of water, the house not only sank, but also cracked, then strengthening the foundation with steel reinforcement will be the only correct solution to this problem.
Also, troubles can be caused by insufficiently deep planting of the foundation. In the spring, due to the melting of frozen water in the soil, the base of the structure is gradually destroyed, which leads to uneven shrinkage and, as a result, damage to the building as a whole. In this case, the usual repair of the foundation will not help - landing below the freezing depth is required here.
A structure built using old technologies oftensags so strongly that it can carry away the entire building. Buildings made of wood are at the greatest risk in this case. Therefore, minor repairs to the foundation of a wooden house will not eliminate the problem. It is necessary to build a new foundation, and it is not necessary to demolish the entire building.
First of all, you should remove all the load from the house - free it from furniture, dismantle doors and floors, thus reducing its weight. Then, along the entire perimeter (at a distance of two meters), steel channels or I-beams are inserted under the crowns into prepared holes of the required size. By means of hydraulic jacks, the beams are smoothly raised, setting them on temporary supports, for example, on welded metal structures or wooden chocks. After the construction of a new foundation, the house is installed in its original place.
