Is your garden spacious? Or maybe, on the contrary, it is small, even tiny? Plant roses there - they will fit perfectly into the overall decor and create a romantic atmosphere, give the site an aristocratic and discreet luxury. These flowers solemnly and harmoniously look both in separate plantings and in a flower bed. The queen of flowers feels comfortable among other plants that are retinue, emphasizing her beauty.
However, in order for roses to always please us and bloom in lush color, you need to take good care of them. One of the main aspects is their correct pruning, which must be done regularly. It is very important to tidy up flower bushes after hibernation. How to cut roses in spring, how to care for them so that the plant fascinates and delights with its beauty? We will talk about this later.
Why is this needed?
Should roses be pruned? By doing this regularly, we select the required number of young shoots, creating conditions for the formation of more strong shoots. This is very important: this is how the high viability of roses is maintained. In addition, wewe direct all the power of the plant to active development, influence the abundance of flowering, give the bush the necessary shape, increase its lifespan.
Competent and correct pruning is very important. How to prune roses? In itself, such a manipulation is a simple procedure, but different groups and varieties of plants require an individual approach. Now that you are convinced that such an operation is necessary for the plant, we will get acquainted with how to cut roses in spring.
Timing
The best time to prune rose bushes is spring. The hint will be the flowering of forsythia. As soon as it is covered with golden flowers, and buds begin to swell in the lower part of the bush, proceed to pruning. This time comes in late April or early May. If you start pruning roses earlier, then during the spring night frosts, the pruned shoots can simply freeze. In this case, flowering occurs much later. If you are late with pruning, then the plant will already spend all its strength on the growth of new leaves and shoots. As a result, the rose bush will be weak, and flowering will not be as abundant.
Summer pruning comes down to removing obsolete flowers. This ensures repeated flowering in those varieties that bloom twice. In autumn, you need to cut off heavily overgrown bushes, remove branches, as well as leaves affected by the fungus.
Sometimes wild shoots grow below the grafting site, it is recommended to remove them. To do this, the root neck is exposed to the place where the shoot grows, and with a quick downward movement, it is torn off atgrounds.
However, the main pruning is carried out, as already mentioned, in the spring. At this time, it becomes clear on which branches swollen buds are visible, and which ones did not winter well and froze. Now let's take a closer look at how to prune roses in spring.
Procedure goals
Determine on which shoots flowers are formed, whether they are of the current year or the past. Before choosing how to prune roses, decide for yourself what you expect from this procedure:
- early flowering;
- prolonging plant life;
- creating a certain shape of the bush.
Let's consider the process in more detail:
1. Adjusting the bush after the past growing season helps the plant bloom earlier in the coming year, especially if the rose branches have grown in undesirable directions the previous summer. If you know how to prune roses in spring, you can remove those branches that break the shape of the bushes.
2. By cutting off the old branches, the gardener makes the rose bushes produce new strong young shoots.
3. If you know how to prune roses, you can achieve the following according to your own design:
- shrubs produce single large flowers on thin long stalks;
- the bushes have a large number of flowers on numerous shoots, the rosettes are smaller, but there are a lot of them.
Pruning as maintenance
Check your roses carefully. If there are branches that grow inside the bush, they must be removed. This allows not only to loosenbush, but also significantly improve its ventilation.
After that, branches damaged or dead during the winter should be removed to living wood. In strong and tall bushes, all weak shoots are pruned. And if the rose is weak, frail, such shoots can be left, but you need to shorten the branch by at least a bud or two. This will stimulate growth, and at the same time strengthen the plant itself.
We have provided basic answers to the question of how to prune roses in spring. It is necessary to carry out this operation so that the roots of the plant can feed all the branches of the aerial part, then the bush will be able to grow new shoots normally and bloom perfectly.
Tool and trim
Use a sharp tool for work, such as a garden knife, file or pruner. Blunt implements will make ragged cuts or crush shoots.
Clean the instrument thoroughly, be sure to disinfect it. To do this, wash it in hot water. Treat the blades with a disinfectant, such as rubbing alcohol. With any incision, pathogens and pests stick to the tool, and then can be transferred to he althy plants, so the sterility of tools will help protect the he alth of your roses. It is allowed to disinfect the instrument with a solution of potassium permanganate.
Cut as soon as possible all the nuts (galls) - growths with thick long hairs. Nut wasps parasitize in these formations. They are insect pestsable to deplete, and in some cases even destroy the bush.
Cut the shoots should be above the kidney, located on the outside. These rudiments of shoots of roses are formed in the axils of the leaves. If the branches are old, dormant buds wake up after pruning.
It is necessary to make a cut at a slight slope. Its upper part should rise about 0.5 cm above the selected kidney. Make sure that moisture does not get on it. If the stump remains too long, dying, it can become a source of infection for the plant. If you cut the branch below, there is a high probability of damaging the kidney.
The stems of roses are shortened to he althy tissue - its core is white. If several shoots grow from a bud, it is necessary to leave only one - the strongest.
Pruning climbing roses
Re-blooming roses fascinate with their fabulous beauty. However, in order for such a bush to please you even more, you should know how to prune climbing roses in spring. First of all, it is recommended to remove shoots that grow in the wrong direction. To stimulate abundant flowering, it is necessary to shorten the side shoots, leaving 3-5 buds. It is also important to remove overly thick side shoots.
In order to rejuvenate and for strong foliage, you need to completely remove all shoots older than 6 years. Ideally, the bush should have approximately equal numbers of one- and two-year-old, young and perennial old shoots.
If weaving roses of a single flowering grow on your site, you should consider some of the features of theseshrubs. Among the most popular varieties are ramblers. These plants grow very fast, their shoots can reach 6-12 meters! It is necessary to follow certain rules for the care of such specimens.
How to prune climbing roses in spring? Some gardeners do not prune bushes at all, for example, if you need to entwine some tall tree with these wonderful flowers. If you want to decorate the wall of the house with roses, you will need annual pruning, giving the bush a compact shape, controlling its growth, helping to avoid exposing the lower part of the trunks.
After trimming
How to prune climbing roses in spring? This procedure should be carried out only at the ends of the branches. Many gardeners cut to the ground the shoots older than four years after flowering. At the same time, young shoots are not cut off during the year, because it is on them that the main flowering will take place next year.
Indoor roses
If you do not have a large garden, and only home varieties grow in the apartment, the question of how to prune an indoor rose will still arise. It is necessary to remove the faded bud with part of the shoot up to the first leaf. The bud at the base of the leaf should be on the outside.
For better flowering, it is recommended to prune indoor roses in early spring or late winter when new shoots are budding.
Chinese rose
If you want to have a lush bush, you need to know how to prune a Chinese rose. This should be done when it grows to one meter (or whatever height you prefer). Top cut offplants, in this case, will grow lateral shoots, creating the shape of a tree. Over time, the base will harden, it will securely hold the entire bush. If the plant is large enough, you can think about what shape you want to give it, and remove any extra branches according to an imaginary pattern. By the way, cut branches can be rooted, and over time, get a few more beautiful bushes.
Additional information
About two weeks later, the buds should start growing. At this time, you can carry out (if necessary) additional pruning. Such manipulations will be needed if undetected diseased shoots are identified.
At the end of spring pruning, all treated plants should be treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate. To prepare it, use 100 g of the composition per 10 liters of water. For spraying, you can use Bordeaux liquid (you will need a 1-3% solution).
Be sure to cover large sections with garden pitch to avoid infection and parasites. After pruning, it is advisable to slightly spud the bushes to prevent the dormant buds from drying out.
