The foundation is the basis of any building being built. Therefore, the better it is calculated and executed, the more stable and durable it is. The materials from which the foundation is poured significantly affect its quality. Therefore, it becomes necessary to talk about concrete, to determine the class of concrete and its brand.
The basis of the foundation is concrete. This is an ancient representative of building materials. Concrete is a kind of mixture of the following components: a binder - cement (Portland cement and Portland slag cement), water, fine (sand) and coarse aggregate (crushed stone and gravel).
The main and main indicators of quality are the class of concrete and the brand of concrete. The brand characterizes the amount of cement that is included in the concrete mix.
The class of concrete is of the following types: B10, B15, B20, B25, B30, B40, B80, B12, 5, B7, 5, B22, 5, B35…. The following types are distinguished on the site B7, 5 - B40.
There is a classifier for compressive strength, which depends on the density of concrete:
- M400 - M1000 - extra heavy;
- M100– М600 – heavy;
- M50 - M400 - normal;
- M25 - M200 - light;
- M4 - M100 - ultralight.
The brands listed here are very commonly used. The number after the letter M is the compressive strength of the cube, which it reaches after 28 days of maturation. There are also such equally important qualities of concrete as: frost resistance, resistance to aggressive conditions.
The quality and brand of concrete for the foundation depends entirely on the purpose, types and further operation. Local weather conditions have a significant impact on the use of various types of mixtures.
It is necessary to pay attention to the following parameters when arranging bases:
- Transverse, longitudinal load, as well as the load from the own weight of the structure.
- Conduct a comprehensive study of soils and groundwater.
- The layout of the premises that are located below the floor level of the 1st floor, the type of foundation and the type of basement.
All these factors significantly affect the class of concrete, as well as its physical and mechanical properties. When constructing a building for a warehouse, industrial or residential purpose, it is necessary to calculate the values of all loads.
In order for the foundation on which the house will be built to remain strong, the right choice of brand of concrete for the foundation and filler is necessary. The brand depends on the constructed building, the larger the load value, the larger the brand we accept.
FromFrom the foregoing, it is clear that the durability of any building depends on the foundation laid under it, and its quality depends on the proportions of the concrete components.
Self-preparation of a high-quality concrete mix is very expensive: due to the difficulty of obtaining concrete of the desired quality and the volume of pouring into the formwork, which must be completed in one day.
Mistakes in preparing a concrete mix suitable for foundations can significantly reduce its quality, which in the future can cause a number of adverse events. Even for a private house, foundation work requires careful adherence to civil engineering standards.
It is important to remember that you need to choose the right brand of concrete, some of them are suitable for the construction of large buildings, while others can only withstand the load of small objects.
