Precast concrete manhole is one of the most popular and demanded products, which is famous for its long service life and high mechanical strength and reliability. This is the most optimal ratio of quality and price. Such concrete products are erected much easier and faster than other wells. The optimal installation time is considered to be early autumn, when the groundwater level is the lowest. A reinforced concrete well can have a variety of sizes, depending on the size of the rings.
Design Features
The device of such wells is quite simple, however, when building them, all the requirements of GOST and SNiP should be taken into account. These vertical hollow structures consist of:
- solid bottom bottom;
- wall well rings with a diameter of 1000-1500 mm (they select the desired depth);
- special rings with a diameter of 600 mm, which regulate the height of the well and are placed in the neck;
- cover installed onhatch.
As a rule, prefabricated reinforced concrete wells are almost or completely submerged in the ground and located below or above the groundwater level.
During installation, concrete is poured onto their bottom to form the tray part.
Reinforced concrete rings for a well
These concrete products form the neck of the well. The rings are a crate made of metal reinforcement and covered with concrete on top. Products are manufactured in accordance with GOST 8020-90 by vibrocompression from heavy concrete, which results in an accurate size and high wall density. Used to form and lay a reinforced concrete well.
Concrete cover
This element of reinforced concrete wells is made of high-strength concrete. It is used as a floor slab at the completion of the installation of well rings. The covers are round in shape and have a hole at the top, on which the hatch rests. This structural element prevents foreign objects from getting inside and protects against contamination. The cover for the well is made of heavy concrete and without reinforcement, which ensures increased strength and reliability.
Bottom for the well
This is an important and necessary element for prefabricated wells, which is a reinforced concrete monolithic round slab. The bottom is the first to fall into the well shaft. Well rings and a cover with a hatch are attached to it from above. It is on how well it is made and correctly installed that the efficiency of use depends.well.
Types and purpose of wells
According to their purpose, reinforced concrete wells are divided into several types:
- Sewer (treatment, drainage). Designed to create a sewerage system in places where pipes drop, at bends, etc.
- Tap. Serve as elements of heat and water supply, water supply network.
- Gas pipelines. They are elements of main gas pipelines.
In terms of functionality, a reinforced concrete well can be:
- Lookout. Serves to control the operation of the entire system.
- Variable. Used when turning the network, in places where there are strong pipe drops, when combining pipelines of different depths into one network, etc.
- Rotary. It is applied in the place of turn of pipes for the purpose of prevention of occurrence of blockages. In addition, they are often used as a lookout.
- Filtering (filtering). Required for wastewater treatment. A reinforced concrete well is installed above the groundwater level.
- Cumulative. It is used to accumulate wastewater and is most often installed at the lowest point of the site in order to ensure the optimal angle of inclination of the sewer pipeline.
Advantages of reinforced concrete
- Strength of reinforced concrete products. Reinforced concrete can withstand the loads that result from ground pressure, and due to its dense structure, it is not washed away by groundwater.
- Reinforced concretethe well can be built in any soil.
- The walls of the inner surface of wells can be easily cleaned without the use of special equipment and qualified personnel.
- Long service life even in high humidity and harsh environments.
- Easy and simple installation and repair.
- Concrete is inert and therefore does not affect water quality when used for a key well.
- Low cost of reinforced concrete wells. Minimum costs are required for its construction and further operation.
Mounting Features
The process of assembling reinforced concrete wells is carried out in several stages:
- First of all, you need to clearly define the place where the well will be built. It should not be installed on the slopes of ravines, beams, river banks, because then they will take groundwater. In addition, an important negative factor is the pollution of groundwater with various chemical fertilizers, which are used in adjacent areas and enter the soil through emissions and industrial effluents.
- After choosing a place, they begin to work on punching the well shaft itself (mine). This process is quite laborious and largely depends on the depth of the soil and the aquifer. The use of modern technology allows you to drill very quickly.
- Incoming water is pumped out.
- Backfilling and tamping in progressfilter layers. Then the first ring is carefully installed. The verticality of the mine depends on the correctness of its installation.
- For the installation of rings, as a rule, they use lifting equipment or special devices installed directly above the mine shaft.
- After each installation of the ring, metal brackets are fastened, which are subsequently used as a ladder for work in the well.
- The joints between the rings are sealed, and the free space between the walls of the concrete rings is covered with soil and carefully compacted.
- The manhole is filled with clay, ventilation is installed, and the neck is closed with a lid.
Reinforced concrete wells have repeatedly proven the reliability of protecting pipelines from various kinds of damage through the use of high-quality materials, strength, ease of installation.
Sizes and price
The size of the rings depends on the type of well. Today's construction market offers the following products:
- diameter - within 70-250 cm.
- average height - 50cm (available up to 3m)
For small wells in private construction, small rings are used. The most popular are:
- KS-7-1. The inner diameter of this product is 70 cm, the wall height is 10 cm, the width is 8 cm, and the weight is 46 kg.
- KS-7-10. This is a universal product, the height of which is 1 m, weight - 457 kg.
The price of concrete rings depends on their size. Larger items cost more.
For example, smallKS-7-1 cost an average of 340 rubles. for a unit. The cost of KS-7-5 and KS-7-6 is 900-920 rubles. The price of universal grades KS-7-10 is approximately 1500 rubles. The largest rings will cost about 5,000 rubles.
