Why do we need a freight elevator in a residential building? According to one definition, an elevator is a lifting mechanism that moves people, as well as their luggage, along fixed rails located in a residential building. With the help of such equipment, you can not only raise or lower the residents of the house, but also easily transport heavy things or even furniture.
Today, freight elevators are installed in almost every multi-storey building and in all large enterprises. Their goal is to facilitate the work of loaders, so these elevators are usually installed in hotels, hospitals and other high-rise buildings.
In this article we will look at what types of elevators are, how the speed of their movement is determined, find out the size of a freight elevator in a residential building and what requirements they must meet.
Classification of elevators
Based on existing standards, elevators are divided into:
- lift truck;
- sick leave;
- passenger;
- cargo without a lifter (carrying capacity up to100 kg).
Passenger elevators are designed to transport residents with hand luggage only. Such elevators can be seen in a multi-storey hotel, a large theater building, a large shopping center and educational institutions.
Hospital elevators are installed in clinics or hospitals. They serve to quickly transport the patient to the required department. In addition, the elderly, children (accompanied by adults) and visitors can use the elevator.
Freight elevators with an elevator operator transport heavy luggage (furniture, building materials, etc.) only in the presence of workers. It is also possible to transport passengers if the Gosgortekhnadzor authorities have provided permission (written or oral) for these purposes. Such elevators are installed directly inside the building for the convenience of transporting goods.
Only luggage can be transported in freight elevators designed for the transport of goods. Since such an elevator is less safe than a conventional one, the transportation of people in it is strictly prohibited. This elevator is driven by a hardware control located on the top floor of the building. The size of a freight elevator car in a residential building can be increased, but only within the established standards.
What does the load capacity mean
The capacity of an elevator is the maximum allowable weight of the load (people, luggage) that is in the cabin. In order for a freight elevator in a residential building not to be overloaded, it is important to take into account not only the weight of people, but also the maximum weight of the transportedequipment, wheelchairs and other things.
As a rule, the load capacity of an elevator is determined by the dimensions of the load, the number of people accompanying it, and how often transportation is carried out. With constant overload, a freight elevator in a residential building can quickly become unusable, and its repair will take a long time.
How elevator speed is determined
The speed of an elevator is the time it takes to go up or down from one floor to another. It is measured in meters per second. Depending on their purpose, elevators can differ not only in carrying capacity, but also in maximum speed. Freight elevators are:
- low-speed (1 m/s);
- high-speed (from 1 to 2 m/s);
- high-speed (from 2 to 4 m/s);
- high-speed (over 4 m/s).
Before choosing which elevator to install, you need to know what purpose it will serve, how it will affect people or cargo. For example, in hospitals, low-speed and high-speed elevators are installed, since high speed can adversely affect the well-being of patients and the elderly.
Elevator dimensions
The dimensions of a freight elevator in a residential building should not go beyond state standards. Otherwise, they must not be put into service.
The dimensions of a freight elevator in a residential building must comply with the following values:
- Standard height for each lift must not exceed two meters. To accurately determine the heightit is necessary to take measurements from the ceiling itself (not including various decorations or partitions) to the floor.
- The width of the lift is measured from one side wall to the other. This does not take into account the elements of decoration, handrails and protective skins. The width for freight elevators in a residential building must be at least 1580 mm.
- Cab length is perhaps the most important parameter for building occupants. This indicator is taken into account when it is necessary to transport bulky cargo - household appliances, furniture, etc. The minimum length of the elevator car is 1580 mm, the maximum length is 2580 mm.
Also important indicators for residential buildings is the size of the elevator door. If the door is too narrow, then there may be problems with the transportation of large cargo. Therefore, the standard door width should be at least 1100 mm and the height should be about 2000 mm (depending on the type of lift).
Necessary conditions for installing an elevator
After installing the elevator, a special commission from Gosgortekhnadzor must make sure that all safety conditions are met, you can start transporting people or goods. Below are two important requirements that every passenger or freight elevator in a residential building must meet:
- Within 5 minutes, 6% of the building's residents must have time to evacuate from the upper floors to the lower ones.
- The wait time for the elevator should not exceed 1 minute.
As noted above, the speed of an elevator depends on many factors. The options for stops and entrances to the freight elevator of a residential building are verylot. If we are talking about a hotel or an office high-rise building, then the elevator must move much faster than in a hospital or clinic.
The waiting time for the elevator may depend on the wishes of the tenants. If these are residential buildings, then it should not exceed 90 seconds, and in administrative and industrial buildings - 50-60 seconds.
Conclusion
In this article you can find several photos of freight elevators in a residential building. If you decide to expand the cab for transportation, then the parameters of acceptable dimensions are given above. We also found out the dimensions of a freight elevator in a residential building, what conditions it must meet.
It is also worth noting that careful attitude to such equipment will affect its service life. It is very important to observe safety precautions, because otherwise various services may charge a fine from the owner of the building in which the elevator is installed.
