The oven is a unique structure that has served people since time immemorial. The craft of building stoves has become a real art. Properly selected materials and mortar are the main condition for the construction of a good furnace. The modern goods market demonstrates various oven mixtures that differ in purpose, properties, composition.
Benefits of oven mixes
Self-preparation of masonry mortar requires the purchase of all ingredients, keeping their exact ratio when mixing is a complex and lengthy process. Therefore, it is more convenient to use dry compositions, although they are more expensive than do-it-yourself mixtures for ovens. They already include all the necessary components, you only need to add water (the instruction contains all the information necessary for this). Currently, the popularity of ready-made dry kiln mixtures is growing. These compounds have two huge advantages that provide an advantage over the usual solutions.
First, ease of use - just mixthem with water using a mixer.
Secondly, the elimination of the possibility of error in the composition, which allows a person who does not have professional experience to get to work and lay out the furnace without the risk of subsequent destruction and deformation, and a wide choice of this material guarantees the ability to easily pick up everything you need.
Oven mixes
Beginning the construction of the furnace, it is necessary to make the right choice not only of the refractory material, but also of the masonry mortar.
There are three types of masonry mortar:
- Heat-resistant solutions: resistant to deformation during heating/cooling of the furnace. Such solutions are designed for high static loads.
- Heat-resistant mortars: resistant to high-temperature deformations, able to cope with both static and dynamic loads.
- Refractory mortars: combine the properties of the two previous ones. These mixtures are more versatile and able to withstand the highest temperatures.
Ordinary mortar is not suitable for laying stoves due to its instability and rapid loss of strength when exposed to high temperatures.
Features of using refractory mix
Applying a masonry refractory mixture to the surface of a stone or brick is necessary for the safe operation of the furnace. It creates a hermetic barrier to disturb draft due to the possible entry of air into the furnace. The refractory mixture also minimizes the possibilitypenetration of carbon monoxide into a dwelling, which in itself poses a great danger to the life and he alth of people. Dry oven mixes always contain additives, a number of fillers (plasticizers can be added to increase plasticity and elasticity during use). The types of solutions differ depending on the purpose of use:
- for stoves and fireplaces, lining of combustion chambers - clay-sand or clay-chamotte solutions;
- when building chimneys and finishing works - sand-cement, clay-cement, lime-cement mortars;
- for the construction of foundations, parts of chimneys located above the roof - cement mixtures.
Due to the presence of special elements and additives in the mixtures for fireplaces and stoves, the maximum integrity of the joints is maintained over a long period of time (the possibility of cracking is practically excluded, but only if the mortar is applied with a small thickness).
Kiln bricks
In the process of building stoves and fireplaces, a building material such as brick can be used. To build the base of the furnace (firebox and chimney system), use the simplest solid clay brick (first grade).
The second grade of brick has a pinkish color, unburned. Used for the construction of secondary parts of the furnace.
The third, the so-called iron ore, is dark brown, durable. Only suitable for building a furnace foundation.
Self-mixing
Taking into account the conditions for the subsequent operation of the stove or fireplace being built, it is possible to prepare an oven mixture based on the following components:
- clay;
- cement;
- lime.
It should be noted that clay and sand are essential components of self-prepared mixtures. The plasticity of the material increases after the addition of lime milk. Asbestos is used to increase strength.
The disadvantages of mixtures of this type are considered to be an insufficient level of strength and an unattractive appearance.
The stove has been a necessary attribute of human life since time immemorial, it helps to keep warm on cold days and cook food. It is important to build it correctly, observing the rules of construction. The use of dry mixes saves time and virtually eliminates errors that occur when mixing components for laying fireplaces and stoves.
